2006
DOI: 10.1021/ma0519361
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Effect of Catalyst Deactivation on Polymerization of Electrolytes by Surface-Confined Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in Aqueous Solutions

Abstract: We have investigated the cause of catalyst deactivation observed during surface-confined atom-transfer radical polymerization of acidic monomers. Surface-tethered polyelectrolyte layers of poly(itaconic acid) and poly(methacrylic acid) were grown from self-assembled initiator monolayers of 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide terminated thiol molecules. This polymerization initiator molecule and a copper-based organometallic catalyst allowed tethered polyelectrolyte chains to be grown directly via radical polymerization … Show more

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Cited by 48 publications
(61 citation statements)
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“…19 In the present work, the distance (d) between two grafting sites was estimated to be ∼0.5 nm based on the self-assembled monolayer chain density on a gold surface. 20 Since t . d, the tethered PAA chains are expected to form brushes.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…19 In the present work, the distance (d) between two grafting sites was estimated to be ∼0.5 nm based on the self-assembled monolayer chain density on a gold surface. 20 Since t . d, the tethered PAA chains are expected to form brushes.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Samadi et al (2010) provides layer thickness versus time data for ATRP of poly(METAC) using the same catalyst and solvent system at 258C and 0.37 M METAC. We have shown for surface-initiated ATRP that the increase in film thickness with time is proportional to the monomer concentration (Sankhe et al, 2006), and that monomer concentration is a constant for controlled polymerization of nanolayer films from low surface area substrates (Gopireddy and Husson, 2002). To account for the difference in polymerization temperature between this study and Samadi et al (2010), we applied the Arrhenius equation using activation energy of À14 kJ/mol, estimated from Li et al (2005), who studied the temperature effect on conversion of METAC by ATRP with the same catalyst.…”
Section: Dynamic Binding Capacity Of Iggmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…[31][32][33] Additionally, because light is the activating agent, SI-PMP is well suited for the direct synthesis of polyelectrolytes (PMAA, in this study), alleviating problems with, for example, catalyst complexation, dissociation, or disproportionation that occurs during ATRP of electrolytic monomers in protic media. [34][35][36][37][38] The response characteristics of the constituent materials used in this study are well known. Because of the weakly ionizable carboxylate groups along the backbone, the degree of dissociation of PMAA can be changed by adjusting the pH and/ or the ionic strength of the solution.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%