Effect of changing to a self‐selected vegetarian diet on anthropometric measurements in UK adults

Phillips, Frankie; Hackett, A. F.; Stratton, Gareth; Billington, David C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-277x.2004.00525.x

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Body mass index does not seem to change drastically after the adoption of a vegetarian diet, one longitudinal study with new vegetarians showed that there were no significant changes in the index, suggesting that the diet does not have a direct influence on body composition [20]. According to the BMI classification [21] there were no participants with overweight or obesity since the highest value found was 24.5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Zinc and Selenium Nutritional Status in Vegetarians

Bortoli

Cozzolino

2008

Biol Trace Elem Res

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A vegetarian diet may have beneficial effects on human health, however when it is not well-balanced may be deficient in some nutrients, as minerals for example. The aim of the present study was to assess the nutritional status of zinc and selenium in vegetarians in the city of São Paulo. A cross-sectional study was performed, and the inclusion criteria were age > or = 18 years, both gender, no use of food or pharmaceutical supplements. Thirty vegetarian, of both genders, mean age of 27 years and 4.5 years of vegetarianism had performed the study, and their mean BMI was 21.5. Zinc plasma concentration was 71 and 62.5 microg/dL for men and women and erythrocyte concentration was 37 microg/gHb for both genders. Selenium concentration was 73.5 and 77.3 microg/L in plasma and 51.4 and 66.9 microg/L in erythrocytes for men and women, respectively. These biochemical values show that, according to the references, selenium blood levels are adequate and zinc concentration in erythrocytes is deficient in the studied population. For this reason, vegetarians should be constantly assessed and receive nutritional support to reduce the effects of inadequate zinc status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Zinc and Selenium Nutritional Status in Vegetarians

Bortoli

Cozzolino

2008

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…The beneficial effects of calorie restriction on the gut microbiota including reduced levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein have also been demonstrated in rodents [110]. Vegetarian diet is rich in fiber and is commonly recommended as a component of lifestyle intervention to promote weight loss [111]. A recent study found that strict vegetarian diet ameliorates several abnormalities associated with metabolic diseases.…”

Section: Modulation Of Gut Microbiota In the Management Of Metabolic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Gut Microbiota in the Management of Metabolic Disorders: The Prospects and Challenges

Erejuwa

Sulaiman

Wahab

2014

IJMS

111

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The gut microbiota plays a number of important roles including digestion, metabolism, extraction of nutrients, synthesis of vitamins, prevention against pathogen colonization, and modulation of the immune system. Alterations or changes in composition and biodiversity of the gut microbiota have been associated with many gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. Recent evidence suggests that altered composition and diversity of gut microbiota may play a role in the increased prevalence of metabolic diseases. This review article has two main objectives. First, it underscores approaches (such as probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial agents, bariatric surgery, and weight loss strategies) and their prospects in modulating the gut microbiota in the management of metabolic diseases. Second, it highlights some of the current challenges and discusses areas of future research as it relates to the gut microbiota and metabolic diseases. The prospect of modulating the gut microbiota seems promising. However, considering that research investigating the role of gut microbiota in metabolic diseases is still in its infancy, more rigorous and well-designed in vitro, animal and clinical studies are needed.

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“…10 Earlier work, by our group found that a vegetarian meal plan combined with a behavioral weight-counseling intervention led to weight loss and that those who followed the plan had not regained weight at 18 months. 11 Literature suggests that changing from a diet containing meat and fish to a vegetarian diet may result in reduced calorie and saturated-fat intake, an increase in energy from carbohydrates, resulting in a leaner body mass 12 and less weight regain. 13 While these findings are promising, they may have been partially attributable to a self-selection effect among those who adhered to the diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized clinical trial of a standard versus vegetarian diet for weight loss: the impact of treatment preference

et al. 2007

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Background: With obesity rampant, methods to achieve sustained weight loss remain elusive. Objective: To compare the long-term weight-loss efficacy of 2 cal and fat-restricted diets, standard (omnivorous) versus lactoovo-vegetarian, and to determine the effect of a chosen diet versus an assigned diet. Design, subjects: A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 176 adults who were sedentary and overweight (mean body mass index, 34.0 kg/m 2 ). Participants were first randomly assigned to either receive their preferred diet or be assigned to a diet group and second, were given their diet of preference or randomly assigned to a standard weight-loss diet or a lacto-ovovegetarian diet. Participants underwent a university-based weight-control program consisting of daily dietary and exercise goals plus 12 months of behavioral counseling followed by a 6-month maintenance phase. Measurements: Percentage change in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, low-and high-density lipoprotein, glucose, insulin and macronutrient intake. Results: The program was completed by 132 (75%) of the participants. At 18 months, mean percentage weight loss was greater (P ¼ 0.01) in the two groups that were assigned a diet (standard, 8.0% (s.d., 7.8%); vegetarian, 7.9% (s.d., 8.1%)) than in those provided the diet of their choice (standard, 3.9% (s.d., 6.1%); vegetarian, 5.3% (s.d., 6.2%)). No difference was observed in weight loss between the two types of diet. Over the 18-month program, all groups showed significant weight loss. Conclusions: Participants assigned to their dietary preference did not have enhanced treatment outcomes. However, all groups lost weight with losses ranging from 4 to 8% at 18 months.

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Effect of changing to a self‐selected vegetarian diet on anthropometric measurements in UK adults

Cited by 34 publications

References 18 publications

Zinc and Selenium Nutritional Status in Vegetarians

Zinc and Selenium Nutritional Status in Vegetarians

Modulation of Gut Microbiota in the Management of Metabolic Disorders: The Prospects and Challenges

A randomized clinical trial of a standard versus vegetarian diet for weight loss: the impact of treatment preference

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