Effect of Chemical Mutagens on Chromosomal behavior of Allium cepa L

Sharma, Jyotirmoy; Rajkumari, Jinu Devi; Ingtipi, W; Boro, Rakesh; Das, Shivani

doi:10.21746/aps.2018.7.4.22

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The experiment is also suggested to evaluate the genotoxic effects of novel nanomaterials and considered as a substitute to animal tests (Klančnik et al, 2011 ). Although severalphysico-chemical mutagens, metal-complexes, and Cu, CdS-NPs have been reported to induce chromosomal (Kumbhakar et al, 2016 ; Sharma et al, 2018 ), the cytotoxic effects of Ag-NPs are poorly reported. Root meristem of A. cepa was used to detect the cytotoxic effect of BP-AgNP S at three different concentrations (10, 20, and 30 μg/mL).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic, Antimitotic, DNA Binding, Photocatalytic, H2O2 Sensing, and Antioxidant Properties of Biofabricated Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken

Chandraker

Lal

Dhruve

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Bryophyllum pinnatum is a perennial herb traditionally used in ethnomedicine. In the present report, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using B. pinnatum leaf extract. BP-AgNPs were confirmed following UV-Vis spectroscopy with SPR peak at 412 nm and further characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, and TEM. Microscopic images confirmed the spherical shape and ~15 nm average size of nanostructures. BP-AgNPs were evaluated for photocatalytic degradation of hazardous dyes (methylene blue and Rhodamine-B) and showed their complete reduction within 100 and 110 min., respectively. BP-AgNPs have emerged as a unique SPR-based novel sensor for the detection of H2O2, which may deliver exciting prospects in clinical and industrial areas. DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity were studied with respective IC50 values of 89 and 259 μg/mL. A strong intercalating interaction of CT-DNA with BP-AgNPs was investigated. Observed chromosomal abnormalities confirm the antimitotic potential of BP-AgNPs in the meristematic root tip. The cytotoxicity of BP-AgNPs against B16F10 (melanoma cell line) and A431 (squamous cell carcinoma cell line), was assessed with respective IC50 values of 59.5 and 96.61 μg/ml after 24 h of treatment. The presented green synthetic approach provides a novel and new door for environmental, industrial, and biomedical applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic, Antimitotic, DNA Binding, Photocatalytic, H2O2 Sensing, and Antioxidant Properties of Biofabricated Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken

Chandraker

Lal

Dhruve

et al. 2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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“…The A. cepa assay has been extensively used to research the genotoxicity of several mutagens, finding that these substances can induce chromosomal abnormalities in root meristems of A. cepa. It is an effective test for chemical screening and in-situ monitoring for genotoxicity of environmental pollutants (Jyotirmoy Sharma et al, 2018). In addition, the most effective method to change an organism's genetic makeup and produce the desired traits is mutation breeding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic Effects of Chemical Mutagens in Root Tip Cells of Allium cepa L.

Salim,

Bekhit,

Soudy

2023

Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology

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One of the excellent plant models for identifying various chromosomal abnormalities is Allium cepa L. In order to create genetic diversity, chemical mutagens such as; Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), Ethidium bromide (EtBr) and Sodium azide (SA) were used to mutagenize the plant's germplasm. The present study was carried out to determine how these chemicals affected the Mitotic Index (MI) and phase, chromosomal abnormalities, and frequency of micronuclei in the root tip cells of A. cepa Mutagens, in general, alter the genetic structure of the organisms, which is reflected in changes to a variety of features. Further, the genome's sensitivity was discovered through cytological examination when the three mutagens were used. The chromosomal entity was impacted by a variety of clastogenic and nonclastogenic alterations, as well as mitodepressive effects. The increase in dose/concentration of all the mutagens was shown to increase the frequency of both mitotic aberrant cells and mitotic chromosomal abnormalities in the treated root tip cells. Both chemical mutagens were shown to be less effective than EtBr at disrupting mitotic cell activity and primarily causing clastogenic chromosomal abnormalities. Numerous chromosomal aberrations, including stickiness and clumping of chromosomes with varying frequencies, fragments, laggards, bridges, precocious movements, micronuclei formation at telophases, and multipolar anaphases and telophases, were reported to be present in the mitotic aberrant cells. Anaphases, telophases, disorganised metaphases, desynchronized metaphases, and persisting nucleoli during anaphase were all noted.

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“…So, expand the genetic variability of shallots is required. Increasing the genetic diversity of the shallot can be done through the induction of physical and chemical mutagens, as applied by [2,3,4,5]. Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is a generally used chemical mutagen in plant breeding that can cause point mutations with higher frequency and produce genetic variation from which desired mutant may be selected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotype performance of M1 generation Bima Shallot (Allium cepa var ascalonicum) result of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate induced

Zulfahmi

Affandi

Mahmuzar

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The diversity of crops can be produced via mutagen induction. Its result can be utilized as a source of genetic material in the plant breeding activities to produce a high-quality variety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phenotype performance of Bima varieties of Shallot (Allium cepa var ascalonicum) result of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate induced. This study used a randomized complete block design, with the treatment of five levels of EMS concentrations. Data obtained were analyzed of variance and if EMS treatment was significant difference that will be proceeded to Duncan Multiple ranged Test. The present study found that EMS treatment differed significantly for all parameters (p< 0.05). The first generation of Bima shallot exhibited growth inhibition and decrease of yield with increasing of EMS concentration than control. The reduction of these parameters may be caused by genetic changing and physiologically damage as consequences of EMS treatments. The EMS treatment of 100 ppm displayed a higher value for all parameters compared to 200, 300, and 400 ppm of EMS.

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Effect of Chemical Mutagens on Chromosomal behavior of Allium cepa L

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Cytotoxic, Antimitotic, DNA Binding, Photocatalytic, H2O2 Sensing, and Antioxidant Properties of Biofabricated Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken

Cytotoxic, Antimitotic, DNA Binding, Photocatalytic, H2O2 Sensing, and Antioxidant Properties of Biofabricated Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken

Cytotoxic Effects of Chemical Mutagens in Root Tip Cells of Allium cepa L.

Phenotype performance of M1 generation Bima Shallot (Allium cepa var ascalonicum) result of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate induced

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