Effect of Chlorella Ingestion on Oxidative Stress and Fatigue Symptoms in Healthy Men

Okada, Hirotaka; Yoshida, Noriko; Kakuma, Tatsuyuki; Toyomasu, Kohji

doi:10.2739/kurumemedj.ms644001

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Studies have also confirmed that exhaustive exercise will cause damage to the liver tissue of the body to a certain extent. After excessive exercise, the active oxygen and other substances and oxidative stress levels in the body are significantly increased [ 12 , 13 ]. Therefore, improving the body's ability to resist oxidative stress is of great significance for preventing cardiovascular system damage after EIF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Hyperbaric Oxygen Combined with Astaxanthin Mediating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway to Improve Exercise Fatigue in Mice

Zhang

Gao

2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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Objective. This work aimed to explore the application and optimization of the electrophysiological monitoring system to real-time monitor the exercise-induced fatigue (EIF) animals and investigate the intervention mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combined with natural astaxanthin (NAX) on EIF. Methods. First, a system was constructed for acquisition, processing, and feature extraction of electrocardiograph (ECG) signal and surface electromyography (EMG) signal for EIF monitoring. The mice were randomly divided into a control group (CG), EIF group (EG), HBO treatment (HBO) group, and HBO combined with NAX treatment (HBO + NAX) group. The effect of the constructed system on classification recognition of EIF was analyzed. The levels of serum antioxidative stress indicators of mice in each group were detected, including malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione-peroxidation (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). In addition, the mRNA and protein levels of Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway related genes in liver tissue were detected. Results. The results showed that the normalized least mean squares algorithm effectively removed the motion artifact interference of ECG signal and can clearly display the signal peak, and high-pass filtering and power frequency filtering effectively removed the motion and baseline drift interference of surface EMG signal. The recognition sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the EIF recognition model based on the long- and short-term memory network were 90.0%, 93.3%, and 92.5%, respectively. Compared with the CG, the characteristics of ECG signal and surface EMG signal of the mice in the EIF group changed greatly ( P < 0.05 ); the serum MDA level was increased obviously; the CAT, SOD, GSH, GSH-Px, and T-AOC levels were observably reduced ( P < 0.05 ); the expressions of Keap1 and HO-1 in the liver were reduced remarkably, while the expression of Nrf2 was increased notably ( P < 0.05 ). Compared with the EIF group, the characteristics of ECG signal and surface EMG signal of the mice in the HBO and HBO + NAX groups were obviously improved ( P < 0.05 ); the serum MDA level was significantly reduced; the CAT, SOD, GSH, GSH-Px, and T-AOC levels were greatly increased ( P < 0.05 ); the expressions of Keap1 and HO-1 in the liver were greatly increased, while the expression of Nrf2 was decreased sharply ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Therefore, the feature extraction and classification system of ECG signal combined with surface EMG signal could realize real-time monitoring of EIF status. HBO intervention could improve the body’s ability to resist oxidative stress through the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and then improve the EIF state. In addition, the improvement effect of HBO + NAX was more obvious.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Hyperbaric Oxygen Combined with Astaxanthin Mediating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway to Improve Exercise Fatigue in Mice

Zhang

Gao

2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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“…Chlorella, more specifcally Parachlorella beijerinckii, has been used as a dietary supplement in Japan for about ffty years and no side efects have been observed. Its continuous ingestion for 6−16 months in animal experiments or for 1−5 months in clinical trials was also not associated with adverse efects [23,24,36,[44][45][46][47]. Because the accumulation of AGEs in the skin occurs over many years, long-term ingestion is desirable for prevention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effects of Parachlorella Beijerinckii Extracts on the Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products and Glycative Stress-Induced Inflammation in an In Vitro Skin Dermis-Like Model

Imai¹,

Nakashima²,

Kanno³

2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed via a nonenzymatic glycosylation reaction called glycation. The formation and accumulation of AGEs increases in skin with age, contributing to the appearance of facial wrinkles and loss of skin elasticity. Therefore, inhibition of AGEs may delay skin aging. The microalgae Parachlorella beijerinckii has been used as a health food supplement for many years and contains carotenoids and vitamins that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Chlorella extract also has antiglycation activity. Antiglycation activity was measured using fluorescent AGEs, Nε-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML), and Nε-(carboxymethyl) arginine (CMA) from glycated bovine serum albumin and type I collagen in vitro. A gel with a dermis-like structure consisting of collagen and a live fibroblast cell line was glycated with glyoxal. The content of fluorescent AGE, CML, and CMA, and the gel contraction activity were measured. In addition, to investigate the level of inflammation induced by the glycation of the collagen gel, the expression level of the receptor for AGEs and interleukin-8 were examined. Fat-solubleChlorella extract suppressed the formation of fluorescent AGEs, CML, and CMA in both models. These results indicated that Chlorella extract directly inhibited AGE formation. The collagen gel contracted over time during culturing, whereas contraction was inhibited in the glyoxal-treated collagen gel. Chlorella extract remarkably attenuated the glyoxal-induced gel contraction. Moreover, Chlorella extract substantially decreased the fluorescent AGEs, CML, and CMA in the collagen gels with glyoxal. Glyoxal exposure increased the expression levels of interleukin-8 and receptor for AGE proteins in collagen gels, while Chlorella extract inhibited this increase. This study showed that fat-solubleChlorella extract has a direct inhibitory effect on AGEs and decreases receptor expression for AGE-mediated inflammation by reducing AGEs. Chlorella may delay skin aging by inhibiting the formation and accumulation of AGEs.

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The Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation on Multiple Indices of Cycling Performance

Gurney

Brouner²,

Spendiff³

2023

Journal of Dietary Supplements

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Effect of Chlorella Ingestion on Oxidative Stress and Fatigue Symptoms in Healthy Men

Abstract: Our results suggest that chlorella ingestion has the potential to relieve oxidative stress and enhance tolerance for fatigue under resting conditions.

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Mechanism of Hyperbaric Oxygen Combined with Astaxanthin Mediating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway to Improve Exercise Fatigue in Mice

Mechanism of Hyperbaric Oxygen Combined with Astaxanthin Mediating Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway to Improve Exercise Fatigue in Mice

Inhibitory Effects of Parachlorella Beijerinckii Extracts on the Formation of Advanced Glycation End Products and Glycative Stress-Induced Inflammation in an In Vitro Skin Dermis-Like Model

The Efficacy of Chlorella Supplementation on Multiple Indices of Cycling Performance

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