Effect of chronic coffee consumption on weight gain and glycaemia in a mouse model of obesity and type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Objective:Epidemiological evidence shows that chronic coffee consumption in humans is correlated with a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. For the experimental exploration of the underlying mechanisms, this effect needs to be replicated in an animal model of type 2 diabetes with a short lifespan.Design:Male C57BL/6 mice consumed regular coffee or water ad libitum and the development of obesity and diabetes caused by high-fat diet (55% lipids, HFD) was observed from week 10 on for 35 weeks in comparison with mice feeding on a defined normal diet (9% lipids, ND).Results:The massive weight gain in HFD mice was dose-dependently retarded (P=0.034), the moderate weight gain in ND mice was abolished (P<0.001) by coffee consumption, probably because of a lower feeding efficiency. The consumption of fluid (water or coffee) was significantly diminished by HFD (P<0.001), resulting in a higher coffee exposure of ND mice. On week 21 intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT) showed a dose-dependent faster decline of elevated glucose levels in coffee-consuming HFD mice (P=0.016), but not in ND mice. Remarkably, a spontaneous decrease in non-fasting glycaemia occurred after week 21 in all treatment groups (P<0.001). On week 39 the IPGTT showed diminished peak of glucose levels in coffee-consuming HFD mice (P<0.05). HFD mice were hyperinsulinaemic and had significantly (P<0.001) enlarged islets. Coffee consumption did not affect islet size or parameters of beta-cell apoptosis, proliferation and insulin granule content.Conclusion:Coffee consumption retarded weight gain and improved glucose tolerance in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes and corresponding controls. This gives rise to the expectation that further insight into the mechanism of the diabetes-preventive effect of coffee consumption in humans may be gained by this approach.

The Impact of Coffee on Health

“…Prolonged activation of the GLP-1 signal has been shown to attenuate diabetes in animals and human subjects. This hypothesis has been confirmed by studies suggesting that polyphenols in coffee bean extract may bring an additive effect in decreasing body weight gain and increasing insulin sensitivity [46]. These beneficial effects are possibly due to the downregulation of genes associated with WNT10B-and galanin-mediated adipogenesis and the TLR4-mediated proinflammatory pathway as well as stimulation of GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane in white adipose tissue of mice [47].…”

Genetic variation of habitual coffee consumption and glycemic changes in response to weight-loss diet intervention: the Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies (POUNDS LOST) trial

“…In epidemiology studies, high coffee consumption has been consistently related to improved insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism as well as a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes in a dose-response manner (1)(2)(3). Compelling evidence has shown that consumption of coffee is affected by genetic variation.…”

Attenuation of Weight Gain and Prevention of Associated Pathologies by Inhibiting SSAO

“…Caffeine enhances metabolism and is beneficial for digestion [58]. Consumption of coffee and tea where caffeine is abundantly present has shown weight loss and reduced risk of diabetes [59,60]. Westerterp-Plantenga et al have studied caffeine influence on a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind parallel trial in 76 overweight and moderately obese subjects with habitual caffeine intake and green tea ingestion, and, consequently, the caffeine stimulated weight loss via thermogenesis and fat oxidation [10].…”