Effect of Cinnamoyl and Flavonol Glucosides Derived from Cherry Blossom Flowers on the Production of Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) and AGE‐induced Fibroblast Apoptosis

Abstract

Cherry blossom flowers are familiar to the Japanese, and some species of the flowers soaked in salty vinegar are used as processed foods. The constituents of aqueous ethanol extract from cherry blossom (Prunus lannesiana) flowers (CBE) were examined and cinnamoyl and flavonol glucosides were isolated. To elucidate the pharmacological functions of CBE and its constituents, their effects on the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and on AGE-induced fibroblast damage were examined. CBE and 1-O-(E)-caffeoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (CaG), a principal compound in CBE, significantly suppressed the production of AGEs derived from glucose and albumin at 100 μg/mL. Among the flavonol glucosides, quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (QG) exhibited potent suppressive activity (IC50 : 30 μg/mL). CBE and CaG suppressed glyoxal-induced AGE production in fibroblasts at 10 μg/mL, but QG did not. In addition, CBE and CaG recovered collagen lattice formation consisting of collagen and glycated fibroblasts at 10 μg/mL. Moreover, CBE and its constituents, except kaempferol 3-O-(6″-malony)-β-D-glucopyranoside, significantly suppressed fibroblast apoptosis induced by carboxymethyl lysine-collagen at 10 μg/mL. These results show that cinnamoyl and flavonol glucosides of cherry blossom flowers suppress AGE production and AGE-induced fibroblast apoptosis. Cherry blossom flowers may be effective against skin AGE production and fibroblast damage by AGEs.

Inhibition of Advanced Glycation End Products Formation by Mangifera indica Leaf Extract

“…The IC 50 values (Table 1) of 1 and 2 were 85 and 18 μM, respectively. As shown in Table 1, the IC 50 value of aminoguanidine hydrochloride as a reference compound was 0.9 mM (= 99 μg/ml) in accordance with the reported IC 50 value (138 μg/ml) (Shimoda et al, 2011). Thus, a part of the AGEs formation inhibitory activity of OML-ext is attributable to these two compounds.…”

“…AGE formation activity was measured according to the method of Shimoda et al (2011) with minor modification. The test sample was dissolved with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted with sodium phosphate buffer (PBS, 0.2 M KH 2 PO 4 , 0.2 M NaOH, pH 7.2) to a final DMSO concentration of 5% v/v.…”

Association of Dietary Quercetin With Reduced Risk of Proximal Colon Cancer

“…Most nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine, but there is still some nutrient absorption in the colon with the proximal colon being exposed to more luminal nutrients than the distal colon. Querectin in the luminal contents could reduce oxidative damage, decrease formation of advanced glycation end products and chelate iron (68-70). In addition, quercetin has been shown to function as an epigenetic regulator (71).…”

Inhibitory Effect of Arachis hypogaea (Peanut) and Its Phenolics against Methylglyoxal-Derived Advanced Glycation End Product Toxicity

“…Thus, we assumed that CMA might play an important role in the AGE-breaking activity of peanut extracts. AGE inhibitory activities have been shown to increase in strength with an increasing number of hydroxyl groups on positions 3,4′ hydroxyl group flavonoids [ 48 ]. Moreover, several studies have reported that positions 6 and 8 of the polyphenol A-ring are the major active sites for trapping MGO [ 45 ].…”