Effect of CLA supplementation on immune function in young healthy volunteers

Song, Haa‐Na; Grant, I. S.; Rotondo, Dino; Mohede, Inge; Sattar, Naveed; Heys, Steven Darryll; Wahle, Klaus W.J.

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602102

Cited by 146 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The present study corroborates previous ones using either the CLA mixture [2][3][4][5]7,9,10,13,14,19,[30][31][32] or either one of the two main isomers 33,34 demonstrating that fasting insulin and glucose do not change during supplementation. The CLA doses in these studies ranged from 0.6 to 6.8 g/day for time periods ranging from 5 days to 2 years in healthy, overweight or obese individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effect of 6 months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on insulin resistance in overweight and obese

Syvertsen¹,

Halse²,

Ho³

et al. 2006

Int J Obes

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Background: Contradicting results have been published regarding the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on insulin resistance. However, only a few studies have used the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp method, which is considered the standard for measuring insulin resistance. Objective: To evaluate if CLA as a mixture of the main isomers trans-10 cis-12 and cis-9 trans-11 affects the insulin resistance in healthy overweight and obese male and female adults. Design: The main study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with change in body composition as primary end point comprising 118 subjects receiving supplementation with either placebo (olive oil) or CLA (Clarinol) for 6 months. A sub-population of 49 subjects agreed additionally to participate in an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp study at baseline and after 6 months of supplementation with study drug. The primary outcome was the change in glucose uptake (M) as measured by the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamp method. Secondary outcomes were the correlates between insulin resistance and changes in body composition or blood chemistry parameters. Forty-one subjects completed the clamp test at both time points. Results: The median M of the CLA group was 11.0 mg min À1 lean body mass (lbm) À1 (n ¼ 24) at baseline, 10.3 mg min À1 lbm À1 (n ¼ 24) after 6 months, and the median difference was þ 0.21 mg min À1 lbm À1 (n ¼ 24). The median M of placebo group was 8.4 mg min À1 lbm À1 at baseline and 9.3 mg min À1 lbm À1 after 6 months and the median difference was À0.22 mg min À1 lbm À1 (n ¼ 17). No significant (Po0.05) differences were found within groups or between groups. Likewise, the glucose uptake insulin concentration ratio during clamp (M/I) was independent of treatment and time. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index derived from fasting glucose and insulin were also independent of treatment and time, and HOMA for the clamp population (n ¼ 49) corresponded well with HOMA for the per protocol population (n ¼ 83). Correlation analysis showed that changes in M were inversely correlated to changes in glucohemoglobin (P ¼ 0.002), but did not correlate with changes in either glucose, insulin, insulin c-peptide, leptin, adiponectin or percent body fat. Conclusions: CLA does not affect glucose metabolism or insulin sensitivity in a population of overweight or obese volunteers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effect of 6 months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on insulin resistance in overweight and obese

Syvertsen¹,

Halse²,

Ho³

et al. 2006

Int J Obes

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“…Some trials reported a significant increase in TAG concentration after consuming CLA supplements (20,35,41,54) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was no effect of CLA supplementation on concentrations of lipids such as TAG, LDL-C, HDL-C and TC (20) Sixty-four males and females, healthy overweight and obese (54) Twenty-eight males and females, healthy normal-weight…”

Section: -68mentioning

confidence: 98%

Association of foods enriched in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and CLA supplements with lipid profile in human studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Derakhshande-Rishehri

Mansourian

Kelishadi

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: The present study aimed to review the association of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) consumption in two forms, foods enriched in CLA and CLA supplements, with serum lipid profile in human studies. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting: Search process was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus and Science Direct. Clinical trials that investigated the association of CLA intakes either in the form of supplements or enriched foods with lipid profile in healthy adults were included. All outcomes were recorded as continuous variables, and the effect size was measured by analysis of the mean and standard deviation before and after the intervention for case and control groups. Subjects: Healthy adult population. Results: CLA supplementation was associated with a significant decrease in LDL cholesterol (mean difference = − 0·218; 95 % CI − 0·358, − 0·077; P = 0·002), a nonsignificant decrease in HDL cholesterol (mean difference = − 0·051; 95 % CI − 0·188, 0·086; P = 0·468), a non-significant increase in total cholesterol (mean difference = 0·009; 95 % CI − 0·128, 0·146; P = 0·896) and a non-significant decrease in TAG (mean difference = − 0·065; 95 % CI − 0·20, 0·07; P = 0·344). Foods enriched with CLA were associated with significantly decreased LDL cholesterol (mean difference = − 0·231; 95 % CI − 0·438, − 0·024; P = 0·028), non-significantly increased HDL-C (mean difference = 0·075; 95 % CI − 0·121, 0·270; P = 0·455), non-significantly decreased total cholesterol (mean difference = − 0·158; 95 % CI − 0·349, 0·042; P = 0·124) and non-significantly decreased TAG (mean difference = − 0·078; 95 % CI − 0·274, 0·117; P = 0·433). Conclusions: According to our analysis, consumption of foods enriched with CLA or CLA supplements has favourable effects on LDL cholesterol levels.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the in vitro anti-allergic effect of CLNAs on HMC-1 cells, and this is in line with earlier findings showing that CFAs, such as CLAs, may possess anti-allergic activities. For example, Jaudszus et al (24) reported that 9Z, 11E-CLA could inhibit allergic sensitization and airway inflammation through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ dependent mechanism in mice, whereas others demonstrated that human healthy volunteers supplemented with 9Z, 11E-CLA resulted in a decreased plasma IgE level and reduced secretion of IL-5 by PBMCs (25,26). Despite these earlier findings, the underlying action mechanisms for the anti-allergic effects of CFAs, such as CLAs and CLNAs, remain poorly understood and further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms, in vitro and in vivo, for the anti-allergic activity of CFAs.…”

Section: A B C Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite these earlier findings, the underlying action mechanisms for the anti-allergic effects of CFAs, such as CLAs and CLNAs, remain poorly understood and further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms, in vitro and in vivo, for the anti-allergic activity of CFAs. In addition, whether CLNA supplementation could ameliorate other types of hypersensitivity reactions, such as the ex vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity response as shown by CLAs (25), is also a noteworthy aspect that is currently under investigation. Collectively, the present results suggest that jacaric acid may exhibit modulatory effects on human mast cells, as it was shown to alleviate the allergic response in HMC-1 cells activated by Iono and PMA.…”

Section: A B C Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-allergic effect of the naturally-occurring conjugated linolenic acid isomer, jacaric acid, on the activated human mast cell line-1

Liu¹,

Leung²

2015

Biomedical Reports

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Abstract. The present study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of jacaric acid, a naturally-occurring conjugated linolenic acid isomer that can be found in jacaranda seed oil, on the activated human mast cell line-1 (HMC-1). Our previous studies have demonstrated that jacaric acid only exerted minimal, if any, cytotoxicity on normal murine cells. In the present study, jacaric acid at concentrations ≤100 µM did not exhibit direct cytotoxicity on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after 72 h of incubation, as determined by the MTT reduction assay. By contrast, jacaric acid could alleviate the calcium ionophore A23187 and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-triggered allergic response in the HMC-1 cells at concentrations that were non-cytotoxic to the HMC-1 cells. Following pre-treatment with jacaric acid, the secretion of two inflammatory mediators, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and tryptase, as well as the T helper 2 cytokines [interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13] was significantly reduced in HMC-1 cells. The alleviation of allergic response was accompanied by downregulation of the matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 proteins and upregulation of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 protein. Collectively, the results indicated that the naturally-occurring jacaric acid exhibits a suppressive effect on the allergic response in activated human mast cells in vitro, and this could not be attributed to the direct cytotoxicity of jacaric acid on the treated cells.

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Effect of CLA supplementation on immune function in young healthy volunteers

Cited by 146 publications

References 27 publications

The effect of 6 months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on insulin resistance in overweight and obese

The effect of 6 months supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid on insulin resistance in overweight and obese

Association of foods enriched in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and CLA supplements with lipid profile in human studies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Anti-allergic effect of the naturally-occurring conjugated linolenic acid isomer, jacaric acid, on the activated human mast cell line-1

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