Effect of climate and land cover changes on watershed runoff: A multivariate assessment for storm water management

Ekness, Paul; Randhir, Timothy O.

doi:10.1002/2015jg002981

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…We further investigate the factors controlling runoff change under the two warming scenarios (Figure 3). It is obvious that precipitation change is the major factor for runoff change over the world; however, temperature change and wind speed change influence runoff change through influencing evapotranspiration (Ekness & Randhir, 2015; She et al, 2017). In the VIC model, temperature and wind speed change influence runoff more in low latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and in the Southern Hemisphere than middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larger Drought and Flood Hazards and Adverse Impacts on Population and Economic Productivity Under 2.0 than 1.5°C Warming

et al. 2020

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Climate change may have major influences on surface runoff, which would consequently result in important implications for terrestrial ecosystems and human well‐being. At global scale there is limited understanding of these issues with respect to the warming targets stipulated in the Paris Agreement. Here we use a well‐established hydrological model (Variable Infiltration Capacity [VIC]) forced with a representative ensemble of latest climate projections from four global circulation models (GCMs) to estimate potential future changes in runoff and Terrestrial Ecosystem Water Retention (TEWR), as well as changes in extreme runoff and their impacts on population, and overall gross domestic product (GDP) worldwide. Results suggest that annual runoff generally would have larger increases, while annual TEWR generally would have larger decreases under the 2.0°C warming scenario as opposed to 1.5°C warming scenario. Global mean warming of 2°C versus 1.5°C would lead to more distinct spatial patterns in runoff change, with a general shift of the runoff distribution towards more extreme low runoff in Mexico, western United States, Western Europe, southeastern China, West Siberian Plain and more extreme high runoff in Alaska, northern Canada, and large parts of Asia. More people and GDP would be exposed to extreme low runoff decrease, extreme high runoff increase, extreme low runoff decrease as well as extreme high runoff increase under a higher warming scenario. This study differentiates hydrological impacts between the two warming scenarios and illustrates higher runoff, lower TEWR, larger potential drought and flood hazards and adverse impacts on population and GDP under 2°C than 1.5°C.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larger Drought and Flood Hazards and Adverse Impacts on Population and Economic Productivity Under 2.0 than 1.5°C Warming

et al. 2020

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“…In general, forests have been shown to be more effective at intercepting rainfall compared to other types of vegetation [170]. It is important to note that environmental planning must consider the whole watershed for water resource conservation [171,172], but nevertheless, fragmented and disturbed riparian forest restoration can be prioritized as a short-term action for immediate water quality improvement [173].…”

Section: Fragmentation Metrics and Biological Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between Riparian Forest Fragmentation and Biological Indicators of Streams

et al. 2019

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Anthropogenic activities, such as land use and land cover modifications in riparian areas, can alter the degree of fragmentation of riparian vegetation, lead to the degradation of stream habitats, and affect biological communities in the streams. The characteristics of the riparian forests can modify the condition of stream environments and the transporting mechanisms of materials, sediments, nutrients, and pollutants loaded from the watersheds. This study aimed to examine the relationships between forest fragmentation and three biological indicators of trophic diatom, benthic macroinvertebrate, and the fish assessment in the Nakdong River, Korea. Eighty-nine biological assessment sampling sites in the National Aquatic Ecological Monitoring Program of South Korea were identified. For each sampling site, riparian forest data within a 500 m radius were extracted from national LULC using GIS to compute fragmentation metrics using FRAGSTATS software. Four fragmentation metrics—number of forest patches, percentage of riparian forest cover (PLAND), largest riparian forest patch index (LPI), and riparian forest division index (DIVISION)—were correlated with the biological indicators. Also, due to severe spatial autocorrelation among observations, the fragmentation metrics and stream environmental variables were regressed to biological indicators using regression tree analysis. Our results indicate that the biological indicators were significantly associated with most forest fragmentation metrics. We found positive correlations of PLAND and LPI with biological indicators, whereas DIVISION was negatively correlated with biological indicators. Both correlation and regression tree analyses revealed that the biological conditions of streams were likely to be better if riparian forests are less fragmented. Particularly, stronger relationships were revealed between macroinvertebrates and fish with the fragmentation metrics of riparian forests than with benthic diatoms. However, these relationships varied with elevation, stream size, and slope conditions. The results of this study reinforced the importance of including riparian forests in the planning, restoration, and management of stream environments. These results also suggested that planners and managers may need to consider different strategies for different stream environments and topographic characteristics in managing riparian forests.

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“…While the impact of climate change on watershed systems is well studied (Rahman et al, 2015;Ekness and Randhir, 2015;Luo et al 2013;Marshall and Randhir, 2008), research on the efficiency of BMPs to mitigate these impacts is limited. The focus on subbasin-scale management options to reduce stormwater impacts from climate change is unique in the study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the influence of climate change on watershed systems: Adaptation through targeted practices

Dudula

Randhir²

2016

Journal of Hydrology

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Climate change may influence hydrologic processes of watersheds (IPCC, 2013) and increased runoff may cause flooding, eroded stream banks, widening of stream channels, increased pollutant loading, and consequently impairment of aquatic life. The goal of this study is to quantify the potential impacts of climate change on watershed hydrologic processes and to evaluate scale and effectiveness of management practices for adaptation. We simulate baseline watershed conditions using the HSPF (Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran) simulation model to examine the possible effects of changing climate on watershed processes. We also simulate the effects of adaptation and mitigation through specific best management strategies for various climatic scenarios. With continuing low-flow conditions and vulnerability to climate change, the Ipswich watershed is the focus of this study. We quantify fluxes in runoff, Evapotranspiration, infiltration, sediment load, nutrient concentrations under baseline and climate change scenarios (near and far future). We model adaptation options for mitigating climate effects on watershed processes using bioretention/ raingarden Best Management Practices (BMPs). It was observed that climate change has a significant impact on watershed runoff and carefully designed and maintained BMP's at subwatershed scale can be effective in mitigating some of the problems related to storm water runoff. Policy options include implementation of BMPs through education and incentives for scale-dependent and site specific bioretention units/ raingardens to increase the resilience of the watershed system to current and future climate change.

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Effect of climate and land cover changes on watershed runoff: A multivariate assessment for storm water management

Cited by 37 publications

References 25 publications

Larger Drought and Flood Hazards and Adverse Impacts on Population and Economic Productivity Under 2.0 than 1.5°C Warming

Larger Drought and Flood Hazards and Adverse Impacts on Population and Economic Productivity Under 2.0 than 1.5°C Warming

Relationships between Riparian Forest Fragmentation and Biological Indicators of Streams

Modeling the influence of climate change on watershed systems: Adaptation through targeted practices

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