Effect of Coherent Structures on Energetic Particle Intensity in the Solar Wind at 1 Au

Tessein, Jeffrey A.; Ruffolo, D.; Matthaeus, W. H.; Wan, Minping; Giacalone, J.; Neugebauer, M.

doi:10.1088/0004-637x/812/1/68

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 140 publications

(184 reference statements)

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“…Because of this orientation LEMS120 is sensitive to upstream events (brief, intermittent particle enhancement) when magnetically connected to the to Earth's bow-shock. The LEMS30 detector with its different orientation is not as sensitive to upstream events (e.g., [23,24]). Further the LEMS30 P1 channel has no data since day 327 of 2001 and P2 since day 302 of 2003 [25].…”

Section: Data Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic analysis of the XMM-Newton background: IV

et al. 2017

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Section: Data Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic analysis of the XMM-Newton background: IV

et al. 2017

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“…Tessein et al [] found, in analogy with Osman et al [], that there is a correlation between PVI, essentially a normalized vector increment, and EP intensity at 1 AU. Tessein et al [] attribute this result to flux tube boundaries as described by Mazur et al [] and possible local acceleration due to trapping or betatron acceleration [ Dalena et al , ]. Specifically, due to the statistical association of PVI with magnetic reconnection [ Osman et al , ], this acceleration could be associated with magnetic reconnection sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Such structures, with associated trapping, also occur downstream of strong shocks of high Mach number (>40) [ Matsumoto et al , ]. In recent studies, the EP flux has been found to exhibit enhancements at the heliospheric current sheet and discontinuities identified by the Partial Variance of Increments (PVI) statistic [ Tessein et al , ; Khabarova et al , ; Tessein et al , ]. This may be due to acceleration by electric fields in turbulent magnetic reconnection [ Le Roux et al , ; Zank et al , ; Le Roux et al , ; Zank et al , ], the pump mechanism of Fisk and Gloeckler [] or transport effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local modulation and trapping of energetic particles by coherent magnetic structures

Tessein

Ruffolo

Matthaeus

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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Recent observational studies show strong statistical associations between features of interplanetary suprathermal energetic particle (EP) data and rapid changes in the interplanetary vector magnetic field. The latter are connected to intermittency and coherent magnetic structures, including classical discontinuities. Here we discuss these observations in the context of two appealing theoretical ideas: First, magnetic structures bounding flux tubes can cause local or temporary topological trapping, thus influencing EP transport. Second, charged particles may be accelerated by interacting with dynamic flux tubes, either through reconnection, trapping in secondary islands, or a betatron mechanism. We present observations that support interpretation in terms of trapping boundaries associated with changes in EP flux and also find a case in which an EP peak lies near a coherent magnetic structure that is not a shock, with changing particle anisotropy consistent with outflow from the structure, suggestive of local particle acceleration.

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“…Following a phenomenological approach, the decay or spectral transfer time for turbulence can be expressed as t t t » s nl 2 3 , where t nl is the nonlinear interaction timescale and t 3 is the decorrelation time for three-wave coupling (Matthaeus & Zhou 1989). The triple decay time t 3 can be expressed as t t t t = + 1 A 3 n l n l ( ) , where t A is the interaction timescale for Alfvén waves, to indicate a competition between the interaction rate of Alfvén waves (t upstream amplified by a mean factor of 3 across traveling shocks (Tessein et al 2015), and » V 40…”

Section: Evaluation Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highest energetic particle fluxes were observed at the strongest discontinuities, which are most often found behind interplanetary shocks (Tessein et al 2013(Tessein et al , 2015. Observational evidence also exists for small-scale flux-rope formation and merging activity at the primary current sheets at leading and trailing edges of interplanetary coronal mass ejection structures (Chian & Munoz 2011;Song et al 2012), and for energetic particle acceleration in regions of multiple small-scale flux ropes formed between primary current sheets at the leading edge of interplanetary coronal mass ejections or corotating interaction regions and the heliospheric current sheet (Khabarova et al , 2016.…”

Section: Energetic Particle Acceleration By Small-scale Flux Ropes Bementioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Diffusive Shock Acceleration With Acceleration by Contracting and Reconnecting Small-Scale Flux Ropes at Heliospheric Shocks

Roux

Zank

Webb

et al. 2016

ApJ

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Computational and observational evidence is accruing that heliospheric shocks, as emitters of vorticity, can produce downstream magnetic flux ropes and filaments. This led Zank et al. to investigate a new paradigm whereby energetic particle acceleration near shocks is a combination of diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) with downstream acceleration by many small-scale contracting and reconnecting (merging) flux ropes. Using a model where flux-rope acceleration involves a first-order Fermi mechanism due to the mean compression of numerous contracting flux ropes, Zank et al. provide theoretical support for observations that power-law spectra of energetic particles downstream of heliospheric shocks can be harder than predicted by DSA theory and that energetic particle intensities should peak behind shocks instead of at shocks as predicted by DSA theory. In this paper, a more extended formalism of kinetic transport theory developed by le Roux et al. is used to further explore this paradigm. We describe how second-order Fermi acceleration, related to the variance in the electromagnetic fields produced by downstream small-scale flux-rope dynamics, modifies the standard DSA model. The results show that (i) this approach can qualitatively reproduce observations of particle intensities peaking behind the shock, thus providing further support for the new paradigm, and (ii) stochastic acceleration by compressible flux ropes tends to be more efficient than incompressible flux ropes behind shocks in modifying the DSA spectrum of energetic particles.

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Effect of Coherent Structures on Energetic Particle Intensity in the Solar Wind at 1 Au

Cited by 29 publications

References 140 publications

A systematic analysis of the XMM-Newton background: IV

A systematic analysis of the XMM-Newton background: IV

Local modulation and trapping of energetic particles by coherent magnetic structures

Combining Diffusive Shock Acceleration With Acceleration by Contracting and Reconnecting Small-Scale Flux Ropes at Heliospheric Shocks

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