Effect of compression ratio and original wood density on pressing characteristics and physical and mechanical properties of thermally compressed coconut wood

Srivaro, Suthon; Lim, Hyungsuk; Li, Minghao; Jantawee, Sataporn; Tomad, Jaipet

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124272

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A previous study on the densification of coconut wood found that a lower CR enabled a higher frequency of moisture movement throughout the wood since the vessels were not flattened [17]. However, it contradicted this study, where the moisture content decreased as CR increased.…”

Section: Moisture Contentcontrasting

confidence: 96%

Physical and Morphological Changes in Heat-Treated and Densified Fast-Growing Timber Material

Liew,

Albert,

Shamsuddin

2023

E3S Web Conf.

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Heat treatment is a modification method that can alter the polymeric components of wood (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin). Densification technology has emerged as one of the promising technologies capable of improving the properties of low-density wood. In this study, the effects of heat treatment and densification on moisture content, density, and morphological features of low-density Paraserianthes falcataria laminas were examined. Laminas were heat-treated (100°C, 120°C and 140°C for 1 hour) and compressed at 50% compression ratio. Non-heat-treated laminas, on the other hand, were compressed at 40-60% compression ratios. The changes in pores area, moisture content and density of the heat-treated and densified laminas were identified. The lowest moisture content for heat-treated laminas was at 120°C. Laminas with 60% compression ratio were observed to have the highest deformed pores, where it increased the density of the laminas. In summary, heat treatment and densification affected the properties of the laminas. Heat treatment at high temperatures resulted in decreased density and moisture content, while increasing the compression ratio during densification increased the density. The results suggest that combining heat treatment and densification could be a viable method for improving the properties of low-density wood.

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Section: Moisture Contentcontrasting

confidence: 96%

Physical and Morphological Changes in Heat-Treated and Densified Fast-Growing Timber Material

Liew,

Albert,

Shamsuddin

2023

E3S Web Conf.

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“…For the panels made from aspen strands, heat transfer by conduction to the core layer of the mat was quicker because of the higher compaction and therefore higher density of the surface layers, which resulted in a faster cure of the adhesive in the core layer. In addition, the higher compaction of the surface layers results in lower compaction of the core layer, which contributes to keeping the core-layer density low (Srivaro et al 2021). Therefore, OSB panels with low-density aspen strands exhibit a lower IB strength compared to those of higher-density black spruce strands.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of strands geometry on the physical and mechanical properties of oriented strand boards (OSBs) made from black spruce and trembling aspen

Zhuang

Cloutier

Koubaa

2022

BioRes

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Black spruce is widely used for lumber production in Eastern Canada, and it has the potential to replace trembling aspen and paper birch for oriented strand board (OSB) manufacturing. This study evaluated the bending modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR), the internal bond (IB), and the thickness swelling (TS) of OSB panels made from black spruce and trembling aspen strands and how they were affected by strand geometry. All the panels met the CSA O437 (1993) standard for class O-2 properties except for the TS. The strand thickness had a significantly negative effect on the bending properties but a significantly positive effect on the IB and TS properties. The strand length had a significantly positive effect on the parallel bending properties but a significantly negative effect on the perpendicular bending properties and the IB, except for the TS. The OSB panels made from aspen obtained better bending properties, while the IB and TS properties were lower than those of the OSB black spruce panels. The results indicate that black spruce strands obtained from the Eastern Canadian softwood lumber industry are suitable for OSB production, but more work is required to reduce the TS.

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“…Choowang and Suklueng 10 mentioned that densification at 140 °C increased the density of IOPT from 0.40 to 0.43 g cm −3 . Furthermore, as mentioned by Srivaro et al 11 , the densification process on low density coconut wood increased the bending strength, modulus of elasticity, compressive strength parallel to grain, and perpendicular-to-grain shear strength of the wood up to 125%, 54%, 112%, and 129%, respectively. The IOPT compregnated with PF improved its density, MOE, and MOR by 135%, 251%, and 275%, respectively 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The authors explained that MDI molecule has two –N=C=O bonds where each one can expect a response with the –OH on the surface of straw particles by hot-press molding and can form a solid bond with the adjacent straw particle surface. The densification process in the compregnated IOPT reduces the volume of the IOPT cavity, resulting in denser IOPT with higher strength 11 . MDI filled the cavity of the IOPT, which increased the mechanical properties of the IOPT.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of densification on the physical and mechanical properties of the inner part of oil palm trunk impregnated with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate

Mangurai

Hermawan

Hadi

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) plantations in Indonesia are increasing over the past few years. After economic productivity, however, the unproductive oil palm trunks are felled and mostly go to waste, especially the inner part of the oil palm trunk (IOPT). There are several modification methods to utilize IOPT, such as impregnation and densification. Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) is a common resin used for impregnation in composite industries because it is non-toxic and has excellent physical and mechanical properties but it has never been applied for the impregnation of IOPT. This study aimed to analyze the effect of densification on the physical and mechanical properties of the inner part of oil palm trunk (IOPT) impregnated using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) resin to obtain valuable information regarding the efficient utilization of unproductive oil palm trunks. IOPT was densified and compregnated with compression ratios (CRs) of 20% and 30%. The physical properties (density, moisture content (MC), and water absorption (WA)) and mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and hardness) of the compregnated samples were better than those of the densified samples. The density and mechanical properties at CR 30% were higher than those at CR 20%. The improvements in density, MC, and WA of the compregnated IOPT with CR 30% were 127%, 54%, and 70%, respectively, compared to that in untreated IOPT. Furthermore, improvements in the MOE, MOR, and hardness of the compregnated IOPT with CR 30% were 489%, 379%, and 393%, respectively. The mechanical properties of the compregnated IOPT at CR 20% and 30% increased two- to three-fold from strength class V in control IOPT to strength class III in compregnated IOPT with CR 20% and to strength class II in compregnated IOPT with CR 30%, respectively.

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Effect of compression ratio and original wood density on pressing characteristics and physical and mechanical properties of thermally compressed coconut wood

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Physical and Morphological Changes in Heat-Treated and Densified Fast-Growing Timber Material

Physical and Morphological Changes in Heat-Treated and Densified Fast-Growing Timber Material

Effects of strands geometry on the physical and mechanical properties of oriented strand boards (OSBs) made from black spruce and trembling aspen

Effect of densification on the physical and mechanical properties of the inner part of oil palm trunk impregnated with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate

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