Effect of copper on the differential white blood cell counts of the Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)

Nussey, Gail; Vuren, J.H.J. van; Preez, H.H. Du

doi:10.1016/0742-8413(95)00064-x

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…On the other hand, the increase of ESR is a sign of overlapping of red blood cells, and can also contribute to anemia, and even induces death of sea perch (Lateolabrax japonicus) (Qian et al, 2002; et al, 2005). Furthermore, an increase in the number of leucocytes also exhibited alterations in physiological status of fish when they are attacked by microcystins, (Nussey et al, 1995). There were no prominent changes in red blood cell indices (MCV, MCH and MCHC) of crucian carp in both dose groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Hematological and plasma biochemical responses of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) to intraperitoneal injection of extracted microcystins with the possible mechanisms of anemia

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2007

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Hematological and plasma biochemical responses of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) to intraperitoneal injection of extracted microcystins with the possible mechanisms of anemia

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2007

Toxicon

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“…Neutrophils and monocytes are important white blood cells to protect the body, through their elevated phagocytic activity, against bacterial infection in damaged tissue. The percentage of these cell types generally decreases during acute exposure to copper (Nussey et al, 1995b;Svobodová et al, 1994), and in situations of chronic copper exposure, the neutrophil percentage has been reported to increase (Dick & Dixon, 1985). In P. scrofa, the monocyte percentage did not change following acute copper exposure but neutrophil percentage increased significantly which may also be related to gill tissue damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Basophils and eosinophils were not found in P. scrofa although they have been identified in some fish species (Takashima & Hibiya, 1995). In O. mossambicus increased counts of eosinophils were found during copper exposure (Nussey et al, 1995b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological and physiological changes induced by short-term exposure to copper in the freshwater fish, Prochilodus scrofa

et al. 2002

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Hematological and physiological changes in the blood of juveniles of the freshwater fish, Prochilodus scrofa were determined after acute exposure to 20, 25, and 29 µgCu L -1 in water (pH 7.5; hardness 24.5 mg L -1 as CaCO 3 ) for 96 h. Copper exposure to 25 and 29 µgCu L -1 caused significant increase in the hematocrit and red blood cell values. The increase in red blood cells was associated with increase in whole blood hemoglobin only in fish exposed to 29 µgCu L -1 . Leukocytes increased following copper exposure and were significantly higher in fish exposed to 29 µgCu L -1 . Differential leukocyte percentage displayed significant reduction in lymphocytes and an increase in neutrophils in fish exposed to 25 and 29 µgCu L -1 . The percentage of monocytes remained unchanged after copper exposure. The thrombocytes did not change. There was a significant decrease in plasma [Na + ] and [Cl -] and a significant drop in blood pH in fish exposed to 25 and 29 µgCu L -1 while [K + ] showed significant increase in fish exposed to 29 µgCu L -1 . Copper exposure led to ionoregulatory impairment, although chloride cell hypertrophy was induced. The changes in red blood cells suggest a compensatory response to respiratory surface reduction of gills (tissue damage and cell proliferation) in order to maintain oxygen transference from water to the tissues, allowing the fish to survive during the so-called shock phase of LC 50 exposure, at least while at rest. tenha sido induzida, e as mudanças nos parâmetros hematológicos sugerem resposta compensatória à redução da superfície respiratória das brânquias (lesões no tecido branquial e proliferação celular) de forma a manter a transferência do oxigênio da água para o sangue, permitindo a sobrevivência dos peixes durante a fase de choque da exposição a CL 50 , pelo menos, sob condições de repouso.Palavras-chave: cobre, parâmetros hematológicos, íons plasmáticos, histopatologia branquial, Prochilodus scrofa.

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“…The effects of metal also affect the levels of circulating leukocytes, thus altering the blood cell ratios (Dick and Dixon, 1985;Murad and Houston, 1988;Nussey et al, 1995). Since leukocytes, through their elevated phagocytic activity, are important to protect the body against bacterial infection, the alteration of their ratio could have deleterious effects on both specific and cellular immune responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro effect of cadmium and copper on separated blood leukocytes of Dicentrarchus labrax

Vazzana¹,

Celi²,

Tramati³

et al. 2014

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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a b s t r a c tThe immunotoxic effects of heavy metals on blood leukocytes of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were examined. The cells, separated by a discontinuous Percoll-gradients, were exposed in vitro to various sublethal concentrations of cadmium and copper (10 À 7 M, 10 À 5 M, and 10 À 3 M) and their immunotoxic effect was then evaluated by measuring neutral red uptake, MTT assay, DNA fragmentation and Hsp70 gene expression. First of all, we demonstrated that the cells treated in vitro could incorporate Cd and Cu. A relationship between heavy metal exposure and dose-time-dependent alterations in responses of leukocytes from blood was found for both metals, but copper was more immunotoxic than cadmium in all assays performed. A significant reduction in the cells' ability to uptake neutral red and viability by MTT assay was recorded, indicating that both cadmium and copper could change the membrane permeability, inducing cellular apoptosis when the concentration of metals reached 10 À 3 M. The apoptotic effect may also explain the high level of cytotoxicity found when the leukocytes were exposed to higher concentration of metals. These results demonstrated that toxic effect of copper and cadmium affect on the mechanisms of cellmediated immunity reducing the immune defences of the organism.

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Effect of copper on the differential white blood cell counts of the Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)

Cited by 33 publications

References 18 publications

Hematological and plasma biochemical responses of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) to intraperitoneal injection of extracted microcystins with the possible mechanisms of anemia

Hematological and plasma biochemical responses of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) to intraperitoneal injection of extracted microcystins with the possible mechanisms of anemia

Hematological and physiological changes induced by short-term exposure to copper in the freshwater fish, Prochilodus scrofa

In vitro effect of cadmium and copper on separated blood leukocytes of Dicentrarchus labrax

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