Effect of Crystallization Inhibitors on Vascular Calcifications Induced by Vitamin D A Pilot Study in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Protective and toxic effects of vitamin D on vascular calcification: Clinical implications

“…VC is an actively regulated process. In general, the development of tissue calcification requires a pre-existing injury as an inducer, whereas further progression requires the presence of other promoter factors such as hyperphosphatemia and hypercalcemia and/or a deficiency in calcification repressor factors (Grasse et al, 2007). Intimal artery calcification is associated with atherosclerosis, T-helper cell type I infiltration into the subendothelial space in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein, accumulation of VSMCs at sites of vascular injury, and macrophage activation.…”

“…An elevation in MMP-9 levels in the aortic wall may be one factor explaining VC after administration of sublethal vitamin D3 doses (7.5 mg/kg) (Qin et al, 2006). In experimental animals where vitamin D doses have been used that are usually lethal (10-12.5 mg/kg), phytate, a naturally occurring calcium binder, and the bisphosphonate ibandronate, an inhibitor of bone resorption, are able to inhibit VC (Price et al, 2001;Grasse et al, 2007). Similar to administration of the parent vitamin D, calcitriol treatment (1 lg/kg) induces time-dependent VC in the media of the aorta in rats with intact renal function (Bas et al, 2006).…”

“…However, evidence is now accumulating that VC is an active process (see below). VC can cause thrombosis, arterial rupture and myocardial infarction (Grasse et al, 2007). The presence of VC is a predictor of poorer 5-year survival in the general population (Margolis et al, 1980).…”

Theoretical study of the deposition and adsorption of bisphosphonates on the 001 hydroxyapatite surface: Implications in the pathological crystallization inhibition and the bone antiresorptive action

“…On the other hand, HAP has also become to an interesting object of research because it is involved in diverse pathological bio-mineral depositions, resulting in problems such as dental calculus, arthritis, arteriosclerosis, and urinary calculi [16][17][18]. Moreover, it has been established that HAP is the common mineral phase in all tissue calcifications [19] which can have severe consequences like ectopic calcification in arteries than cause thrombosis, arterial rupture, myocardial infarction, and necrosis [20][21][22].…”

Optimization of extraction conditions for phytic acid from rice bran using response surface methodology and its antioxidant effects

“…PA, inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6), is an organic compound containing phosphorus. Many studies have shown that PA has a broad spectrum of biological activities, such as antioxidant (Ahn et al 2003), anticancer (Norazalina et al 2010;Schröterová et al 2010), neuroprotection (Xu et al 2008), prevention of atherosclerosis (Grases et al 2007), and formation of renal stone (Grases et al 2000). Therefore, more and more nutritionists pay attention on the amount of phytate in food (Amaro et al 2009).…”