Effect of culture medium, light and temperature on sexual and asexual reproduction of four strains of Mycosphaerella pinodes

Roger, C.; Tivoli, Bernard

doi:10.1016/s0953-7562(96)80159-6

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…They did not observe sporulation at lower temperatures or in the dark. As in our study, Roger and Tivoli [11] found a high variation in the production of fruit bodies in individual isolates and a high suitability of oatmeal agar for pycnidium production. Zhao et al [12] investigated the effect of temperature on the growth of A. rhei on PDA, and found the fastest growth to occur at 22ºC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The capacity to produce pycnidia was observed under different temperature and lighting conditions, but only in scarce species/isolates. Roger and Tivoli [11] found the formation of pycnidia and perithecia at 20ºC, and under light conditions in the related species Mycosphaerella pinodes (anamorph of Ascochyta pinodes). They did not observe sporulation at lower temperatures or in the dark.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro growth of some species of Ascochyta Lib.

Kosiada

2012

Open Life Sciences

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Fungi from the genus Ascochyta are generally facultative saprotrophs, which cause diseases in both monocots and dicots. Over 1 000 species belonging to this genus have been identified, 18 of which infect monocot plants from the family Poaceae. This study analyses the effects of temperature and light on the growth of selected fungi which infect monocots (A. agrostidis, A. avenae, A. brachypodii, A. desmazieri, A. digraphidis, A. ducis-aprutii, A. festucae, A. graminea, A. hordei, A. hordei var. americana, A. hordei var. europea, A. hordei var. hordei, A. melicae, A. phleina, A. skagwayensis, A. sorghi, A. stipae, A. zeicola), grown on three types of media; Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), Coon’s agar (CN) and oatmeal agar (OMA). The fastest growth among the analyzed fungi at low temperatures was found in Ascochyta melicae, while at high temperatures it was A. zeicola. The fastest in vitro growth (average of all fungi) was observed on CN medium at 20°C (3.4 mm/day), while the lowest on OM medium at 5°C (1.0 mm/day). Radial mycelial growth in dark and the light conditions varied. On average, all isolates grew faster in the dark (3.1 mm/day) than in the light (1.9 mm/day). The greatest effect on the production of pycnidia was found for the isolates. Variation in growth and production of pycnidia depended on temperature, medium and lighting for fungi from the genus Ascochyta infecting monocots. Such variation indicates a potential occurrence of these fungi in different environments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro growth of some species of Ascochyta Lib.

Kosiada

2012

Open Life Sciences

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“…Previous studies have shown that temperature has significant effects on the number of pseudothecia and pycnidia of M. pinodes in vitro (Gregory 1968;Lawyer 1984;Roger and Tivoli 1996a). The temperatures required for pycnidial formation of M. pinodes range from 5 to 28°C (Gregory 1968;Lawyer 1984;Roger and Tivoli 1996a) with the optimum temperatures being 20 to 24°C (Lawyer 1984). More pseudothecia were produced at 20°C than at 15°C in vitro (Roger and Tivoli 1996a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperature and moisture affect pycnidial formation and spore germination of M. pinodes. Optimum temperatures for pycnidial formation ranged from 20 to 28°C (Lawyer 1984;Roger and Tivoli 1996a) and pycnidial numbers increase with high humidity (Kerling 1949;Lawyer 1984) Many studies have been conducted on spore release and spore dispersal patterns in ascomyceteous fungi (Smith et al 1997;Burt et al 1998;Fernando et al 2000;Guerin et al 2001;Rossi et al 2001;Mondal and Timmer 2002;Mondal et al 2003). A study on Mycosphaerella citri showed that wetting of leaves by rainfall or irrigation triggers release of ascospores within 20-30 min (Mondal et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily and seasonal spore dispersal by Mycosphaerella pinodes and development of mycosphaerella blight of field pea

Zhang¹,

Fernando²,

Xue³

2005

Can. J. Bot.

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Daily and seasonal spore dispersal of Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk & Bloxam) Vestergren and the relationship of spore dispersal to distance and disease severity were investigated in a pea field in western Canada during two consecutive years. Most ascospores were released in response to rain events, during the first 23-27 d after the inoculum source area was infested with naturally diseased pea residue, whereas most pycnidiospores were trapped during the first 20 d. For both ascospores and pycnidiospores, the highest peaks of spore release occurred during the first 14-20 d after infestation. Few spores were trapped after day 27 after infestation. Daily peaks of ascospore and pycnidiospore release occurred between 1700 and 0400 hours. Most ascospores were released 1-2 d after a rain event and the largest peak appeared the first day after rain. In contrast, most pycnidiospores were released on the same day as rain occurred or the following day. The release of both spore types was associated with rainfall events ≥2 mm during the first 27 d after infestation but not with rainfall events after 27 d. Ascospore density was negatively correlated with distance from the inoculum source (r ≤ -0.92) and positively related to the disease severity (r ≥ 0.92). Disease severity decreased with increasing distance from the inoculum source. The patterns of spore dispersal associated with rain events have practical applications in the disease forecasting and spraying of chemicals to control the disease.Résumé : L'auteur a étudié la dispersion quotidienne et saisonnière du Mycosphaerella pinodes (Berk & Bloxam) Vestergren ainsi que la relation entre la dispersion des spores avec la distance et la sévérité de la maladie; cette étude a été conduite dans un champs de pois de l'ouest canadien, au cours de deux années consécutives. La plupart des ascospores ont été relâchées en réaction à la pluie, au cours des premiers 23-27 jours, une fois que la région source d'inoculum fut infestée avec des résidus de pois naturellement malades, alors que les pycnidiospores ont été captées au cours des 20 premiers jours. Pour les ascospores aussi bien que pour les pycnidiospores, le pic le plus élevé de relâ-chement des propagules est survenu du 14-20 jours après l'infestation. Après le 27 jour de l'infestation, peu de spores ont été capturées. Les pics quotidiens du relâchement des ascospores et des pycnidiospores sont survenus entre 17 h 00 et 04 h 00. La plupart des ascospores ont été relâchées 1-2 jours après la pluie et le pic le plus élevé est arrivé le premier jour après la pluie. Au contraire, la plupart des pycnidiospores ont été relâchées le jour même où la pluie est survenue, ou le jour suivant. Le relâchement des deux types de propagules est associé à des précipitation de pluie ≥2 mm, au cours des 27 premiers jours après l'infestation, mais non avec les précipitations survenues après le 27 jour. La densité des ascospores est négativement corrélée avec la distance de la source d'inoculum (r ≤ -0,92) et positivement reliée à la sévérité de la...

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“…Navas-Cortes et al (1998) determined that humidity levels of 100% were important for the development of pseudothecia of D. rabiei whereas low temperatures (5-10°C) were critical for pseudothecial maturation. Roger and Tivoli (1996a) observed that the development of reproductive structures and sporulation of M. pinodes were optimal at 20°C, but were sparse at 15°C. The switch from pseudothecial development to pycnidial formation seems to occur as a response to the availability of nutrients, with pseudothecia developing under poor and pycnidia under high nutrient conditions.…”

Section: Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparison of the epidemiology of ascochyta blights on grain legumes

2007

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Asochyta blights of grain legumes are caused by fungal pathogens in the genus Ascochyta. Different species infect the different legume species, and in pea three species including Phoma medicaginis var. pinodella have been implicated in ascochyta blight. The impact of the diseases varies between crops, countries, seasons and cropping systems, and yield loss data collected under welldefined conditions is scarce. However, ascochyta blights are considered major diseases in many areas where legumes are grown. Symptoms appear on all aerial parts of the plant, and lesions are similar for most of the species, except for M. pinodes and P. medicaginis var. pinodella. Infected seed, stubble and/or air-borne ascospores are major sources of primary inoculum. Their importance varies between species and also between regions. All Ascochyta spp. produce rain-splashed conidia during the cropping season which are responsible for the spread of the disease within the crop canopy. Only in pea are ascospores involved in secondary disease spread. Limited data suggests that Ascochyta spp. may be hemibiotrophs; however, toxins characteristic for necrotrophs have been isolated from some of the species. Modelling of ascochyta blights is still in the developmental stage and implementation of such models for disease forecasting is the exception.

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Effect of culture medium, light and temperature on sexual and asexual reproduction of four strains of Mycosphaerella pinodes

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

In vitro growth of some species of Ascochyta Lib.

In vitro growth of some species of Ascochyta Lib.

Daily and seasonal spore dispersal by Mycosphaerella pinodes and development of mycosphaerella blight of field pea

Comparison of the epidemiology of ascochyta blights on grain legumes

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