Effect of cuprous halide interlayers on the device performance of ZnPc/C60 organic solar cells

Lee, Jinho; Park, Dasom; Heo, Ilsu; Yim, Sanggyu

doi:10.1016/j.materresbull.2014.03.030

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Controlling the molecular orientation of organic molecules is an important technique for obtaining higher-performance organic electronic devices. , Earlier we reported that the molecular orientation of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) changed from a “standing-up” (out-of-plane) orientation to a “lying-down” orientation (oriented flat on the substrate) on a copper(I) iodide interlayer via interactions between the d orbitals of CuI and the π conjugation of the ZnPc molecule . Controlling ZnPc’s molecular orientation in this way improved the performance of the resulting solar cells by increasing the light absorption coefficient and carrier mobility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexithiophene-Based Photovoltaic Cells with High Light Absorption Coefficient via Crystalline Polymorph Control

et al. 2017

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Herein, we report an efficient approach to control the crystalline polymorph of evaporated α-sexithiophene (6T) thin films by keeping them overnight (12 h) under vacuum. Further, we investigated the effects on the performance of organic photovoltaic devices of controlling the 6T polymorph via this vacuum technique so that the films take on the low-temperature (LT) polymorph (in which the backbones of the 6T molecules lie flatter on the substratethe so-called "lying-down" orientation). Our results revealed that when the organic layer was deposited directly onto a copper(I) iodide interlayer, the angle between the organic backbone and the substrate was reduced in the LT polymorph compared with the high-temperature (HT) polymorph. The power conversion efficiency of solar cells could thus be enhanced from 0.58 to 1.77% via a change in the crystal polymorph of the 6T layer from HT to LT by simply keeping the films in vacuum for 12 h.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexithiophene-Based Photovoltaic Cells with High Light Absorption Coefficient via Crystalline Polymorph Control

et al. 2017

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“…For this thickness-dependent OPV study, we selected ZnPc:C 60 , a standard donor:acceptor blend (Pfuetzner et al, 2009;Schueppel et al, 2010;Iketaki et al, 2011;Zhou et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2014;Holzmueller et al, 2015) of vacuum-deposited zinc phthalocyanine and fullerene pigments, as the active layer. The range of thicknesses for the active layer was 40-10,000 nm (Figure 2A).…”

Section: Thickness-dependent Photovoltaic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No preferred orientations are indicated for ZnPc and C 60 . The orientation indices identified in Figure 4B were obtained from the literature (Cheng et al, 2010;Iketaki et al, 2011;Kaji et al, 2011;Zhou et al, 2012;Lee et al, 2014;Holzmueller et al, 2015). Figure 4C presents the comparison of the morphology of 1-µm ZnPc:C 60 films deposited with/without a co-evaporant as observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM).…”

Section: Crystalline and Morphological Structures Induced By Co-evapomentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Thick Organic Pigment Layer Up to 10 μm Activated by Crystallization in Organic Photovoltaic Cells

et al. 2020

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Organic optoelectronic devices tend to have limited thickness. Organic light emitting diodes (OLED) and organic photovoltaic cells (OPV) made of organic pigments are typically with thickness of a few or a few tens of nanometers. Thickness of organic photovoltaic cells made with polymers exceeds them typically up to the order of a few 100 nm but still necessarily co-optimized with respect to light absorption and charge transport. Here, we demonstrate that crystallization made a 10-µm-thick pigment layer active in a photovoltaic cell, using a prototypical pair of pigments, phthalocyanine, and fullerene. It is proved that crystalline pigment layer with a thickness much greater than what is needed for optical optimization can be utilized for organic optoelectronic devices and that organic optoelectronic devices have potentiality to relief their design from co-optimization of optics and charge transport.

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“…The ZnPc molecules stand upright on the indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate but lie down on the CuI/ITO substrate. The lying-down orientation occurs through π–d interactions between the ZnPc molecules and CuI on the substrate. − The lying-down orientation not only enhances the light absorption coefficient but also efficiently transfers the charges in the BHJ film, thereby improving the photovoltaic performance. However, the effects of the crystal phase transition of the ZnPc film on the photovoltaic performance of the OPV cell have not been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switchable Crystal Phase and Orientation of Evaporated Zinc Phthalocyanine Films for Efficient Organic Photovoltaics

et al. 2020

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In photovoltaic cells, increasing the light absorption coefficient enhances the photocurrent and quantum efficiency of the cell. Here, we report an efficient approach that enhances light absorption by changing the crystal phase of an evaporated ZnPc film on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. Under thermal treatment (>200 °C), the crystal phase of ZnPc changed from metastable α-ZnPc to stable β-ZnPc. We tested and compared the effects of this phase transition on the donor film of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. After treating the β-ZnPc film at 220 °C, the short-circuit current of the OPV was improved from 2.58 to 3.40 mA/cm2, and the quantum efficiency was improved from 650 to 750 nm. Moreover, on a copper iodide (CuI)–ITO substrate, the ZnPc molecules were precisely controlled in the lying-down orientation. With their lying-down orientations, the light absorbance capacities of the metastable α-ZnPc phase and stable β-ZnPc phase (annealed at 300 °C) were 1.3- and 1.5-fold higher, respectively, than that of metastable α-ZnPc standing upright on the ITO substrate. This work provides a fundamental understanding of the crystal phases and orientation changes of the ZnPc molecules, enabling maximization of the light absorption coefficient and the design of efficient small-molecule OPV cells.

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Effect of cuprous halide interlayers on the device performance of ZnPc/C60 organic solar cells

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Sexithiophene-Based Photovoltaic Cells with High Light Absorption Coefficient via Crystalline Polymorph Control

Sexithiophene-Based Photovoltaic Cells with High Light Absorption Coefficient via Crystalline Polymorph Control

Ultra-Thick Organic Pigment Layer Up to 10 μm Activated by Crystallization in Organic Photovoltaic Cells

Switchable Crystal Phase and Orientation of Evaporated Zinc Phthalocyanine Films for Efficient Organic Photovoltaics

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