Effect of diammonium phosphate application on strigolactone production and <i>Striga hermonthica</i> infection in three sorghum cultivars

Jamil, Muhammad; Mourik, T.A. van; Charnikhova, Tatsiana; Bouwmeester, Harro J.

doi:10.1111/wre.12003

Cited by 38 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Prevalence of both parasitic weeds in the area implies that soil N, P, K levels in the study area were generally too low to affect their incidence. There is evidence that N, P, K fertilisation can dramatically affect incidence of S. asiatica and R. fistulosa (Rodenburg et al ., ; Jamil et al ., ). The lack of exclusivity of the fields in the middle zone in terms of soil characteristics enables it to act as an ecological transition zone that can be prone to either of the two parasitic species, depending on prevailing environmental conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Can the parasitic weeds Striga asiatica and Rhamphicarpa fistulosa co‐occur in rain‐fed rice?

Kabiri

Rodenburg²,

Kayeke

et al. 2014

Weed Research

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Striga asiatica and Rhamphicarpa fistulosa are important parasitic weeds of rain-fed rice, partly distributed in similar regions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It is not evident whether their ecologies are mutually exclusive or partially overlapping. In Kyela, a rice-growing area in south Tanzania where both parasites are present, three transects of about 3 km each across the uplandlowland continuum were surveyed in June 2012 and 2013. A total of 36 fields were categorised according to their position on the upland-lowland continuum as High, Middle or Low and soil samples were taken. In each field, parasitic and non-parasitic weed species were identified in three quadrats. Additionally, in two pot experiments with four different moisture levels ranging from wilting point to saturation, influence of soil moisture on emergence and growth of parasites was investi-gated. Striga asiatica was observed in higher lying drier fields, while R. fistulosa was observed in the lower lying wetter fields. Furthermore, non-parasitic weed species that were exclusive to S. asiatica-infested fields are adapted to open well-drained soils, while species that were exclusive to R. fistulosa fields are typical for wet soils. The experiments confirmed that S. asiatica is favoured by free-draining soils and R. fistulosa by waterlogged soils. These results imply that changes in climate, specifically moisture regimes, will be crucial for future prevalence of these parasitic weeds. The nonoverlapping ecological range between their habitats suggests that their distribution and associated problems might remain separate. Thus, management strategies can be focused independently on either species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Can the parasitic weeds Striga asiatica and Rhamphicarpa fistulosa co‐occur in rain‐fed rice?

Kabiri

Rodenburg²,

Kayeke

et al. 2014

Weed Research

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“…The pots used were unperforated 5 L capacity pots filled with 1:1 mixture of dry arable soil and sand. To stimulate strigolactone production the rice plants were watered with a P deficient (0% P) nutrient solution (Jamil et al, 2013;Koltai, 2013). At 50 DAS, 12 mL of a solution of root exudates was collected from each cultivar, according to the methodology described by Jamil et al (2011).…”

Section: Influence Of a Host On Germination And Emergencementioning

confidence: 99%

Host influence on germination and reproduction of the facultative hemi‐parasitic weed Rhamphicarpa fistulosa

Kabiri

Ast

Rodenburg³

et al. 2016

Annals of Applied Biology

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Rice Vampireweed, Rhamphicarpa fistulosa, was a minor parasitic weed until recently when rice cultivation in sub-Saharan Africa was expanded into marginal wetlands, that are the parasite's natural habitat. Unlike most of the parasitic weeds, R. fistulosa is facultative, meaning that the parasite is able to complete its life cycle without a host. However, when not connected to a host plant, its biomass and seed production is lower. Because very little is known regarding the germination ecology of the parasite, the main objective of our study was to identify the cues that favour germination. We hypothesised that, first, being a wetland species, germination of R. fistulosa is stimulated by light and high soil moisture. Second, we hypothesised that if host plant presence increases its reproductive output then a germination stimulatory effect from host presence is likely to have developed. A Petri-dish and pot experiment showed that light and completely saturated soils were a requirement for germination, demonstrating that germination requirements of R. fistulosa are typical of species that grow in environments with fluctuating water levels. A pot experiment in which five infestation levels of R. fistulosa were installed in the absence and presence of a rice plant, showed that host plant presence resulted in a 3.7 times higher seed production rate and a 15% larger average seed size. Despite this reproductive advantage, a pot experiment with three rice cultivars, selected because of their difference in strigolactone production, showed that host plant presence, regardless of the development stage, did not influence the emergence rate of R. fistulosa. In a follow-up study, the germination stimulation effect of root exudates collected from the same three rice cultivars and a treatment consisting of an artificial germination stimulant (GR24) was compared with a treatment consisting of plain water. In these treatments, seeds of R. fistulosa were compared with seeds of the obligate parasite Striga hermonthica. Germination of S. hermonthica was strongly advanced by the presence of root exudates and GR24 but was completely absent in water, whereas germination of R. fistulosa in all treatments was similar to that in plain water. The absence of a host recognition mechanism at the germination stage suggests that the regulation of germination through light and soil moisture is near optimal. Our finding might also indicate that for this facultative parasitic plant species, a more opportunistic germination strategy is superior. Implications of the findings for management of R. fistulosa in rice cultivation are discussed.

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“…African farmers hardly have access to fertiliser to apply to their depleted soils. In addition to the high cost, availability and supply of good quality fertiliser also hamper widespread use (Jamil et al ., ). As a consequence, soil fertility is further deteriorating, and this has resulted in high S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of phosphate‐based seed priming on strigolactone production and Striga hermonthica infection in cereals

et al. 2014

Self Cite

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Strigolactones, plant-secreted underground signalling molecules, play an important role in agricultural ecosystems, because they mediate the interaction of crops with symbiotic AM fungi and parasitic weeds like Striga hermonthica. Cereal host plants secret these signalling molecules particularly under nutrient-deficient conditions and especially when phosphate (P) is limiting. The objective of the present study was to see the potential of P seed priming for S. hermonthica management in cereals in relation to strigolactone production. It has been demonstrated that P fertiliser application down-regulates the production of these signalling molecules in the rhizosphere, which results in lower S. hermonthica infection of cereals. The laboratory study showed maximum production of strigolactones from dry and water-soaked seeds, while seed soaking in P solution reduced their production. Similarly, maximum S. hermonthica infection was observed under control treatments with dry sowing or water soaking, while P seed soaking decreased S. hermonthica germination, emergence and dry biomass in all cereal crops. Our study shows that P seed priming resulted in lower exudation of strigolactones, which induced less S. hermonthica seeds germination and hence may lead to lower S. hermonthica infection. P-based seed priming could prove to be an effective and affordable strategy to reduce S. hermonthica infection in cereals. Further research for practical field application is needed.

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Effect of diammonium phosphate application on strigolactone production and Striga hermonthica infection in three sorghum cultivars

Cited by 38 publications

References 32 publications

Can the parasitic weeds Striga asiatica and Rhamphicarpa fistulosa co‐occur in rain‐fed rice?

Can the parasitic weeds Striga asiatica and Rhamphicarpa fistulosa co‐occur in rain‐fed rice?

Host influence on germination and reproduction of the facultative hemi‐parasitic weed Rhamphicarpa fistulosa

Effect of phosphate‐based seed priming on strigolactone production and Striga hermonthica infection in cereals

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