Effect of Diet Upon Activities of Several Enzymes in Abdominal Adipose and Mammary Tissues in The Lactating Dairy Cow

Opstvedt, J.; Baldwin, R.L.; Ronning, M.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(67)87366-1

Cited by 59 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The results are consistent with the previous studies using pure trans-10,cis-12 CLA isomer (Baumgard et al, 2002;Gervais et al, 2009) or during diet-induced MFD (Opstvedt et al, 1967;Piperova et al, 2000;Peterson et al, 2003). However, transcriptional regulation may be insufficient to completely describe protein abundance because of extensive posttranscriptional regulation that might lead to low correlation between mRNA and protein concentrations (Vogel et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Milk fat responses to butterfat infusion during conjugated linoleic acid-induced milk fat depression in lactating dairy cows

Vyas

Moallem

Teter

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

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During diet-induced milk fat depression (MFD), the short and medium-chain fatty acids (SMCFA), which are synthesized de novo in the mammary gland, are reduced to a much greater extent than the long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) that originate from the circulation. Our hypothesis was that increased availability of SMCFA might rescue conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)-induced MFD in lactating dairy cows. To test that hypothesis, 4 rumen-fistulated lactating Holstein cows (128 ± 23 d in milk) were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with 3-wk experimental periods. Treatments were applied during the last 2 wk of each period and included 3× daily abomasal infusion of a total of (1) 230 g/d of LCFA (blend of 59% cocoa butter, 36% olive oil, and 5% palm oil); (2) 420 g/d of butterfat (BF); (3) 230 g/d of LCFA with 27 g/d of CLA (LC-CLA), containing 10 g/d of trans-10,cis-12 CLA; and (4) 420 g/d of butterfat with 27 g/d of CLA (BF-CLA). Butterfat provided 50% of C16 (115 g/d) and similar amounts of C18 FA as found in LCFA, such that the difference between the BF and LCFA treatments was 190 g/d of SMCFA. No treatment effects were observed for DMI or milk yield. Milk fat content was reduced by 41 and 32%, whereas milk fat yield was reduced by 41 and 38% with LC-CLA and BF-CLA, respectively, compared with their respective controls. Abomasal infusion of CLA reduced de novo synthesized fatty acid (DNFA; SMCFA and 50% C16:0) concentration, whereas DNFA tended to be greater with BF infusion. An interaction was observed between SMCFA and CLA as the increased availability of SMCFA reduced stearoyl-CoA-desaturase-1 gene expression, whereas it tended to reduce lipoprotein lipase (LPL), 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 6 (AGPAT-6), sterol regulatory element-binding protein cleavage-activating protein (SCAP), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) gene expression in the presence of CLA. The mRNA expression of genes involved in de novo fatty acid synthesis [acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase α (ACACA) and fatty acid synthase (FASN)], fatty acid uptake (LPL), and triglyceride synthesis [AGPAT-6 and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT-1)] along with protein abundance of the ACC and FASN were reduced with CLA. However, the increased availability of SMCFA had no effect on lipogenic gene expression except for LPL, whose expression was increased with BF infusion. The nutritional manipulation by increasing the intestinal availability of SMCFA was not sufficient to rescue CLA-induced MFD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Milk fat responses to butterfat infusion during conjugated linoleic acid-induced milk fat depression in lactating dairy cows

Vyas

Moallem

Teter

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Baldwin et al (1976) estimated from modelling studies that 64% of the NADPH needed for lipogenesis in adipose tissue of a lactating dairy cow was generated by the pentose phosphate pathway. As has been observed with other NADPH-generating enzymes, activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase are increased by high-concen trate feeding (Young et al, 1969;Opstvedt et al, 1967) and decreased by fasting (Katz and Wood, 1960). .…”

Section: B Generation Of Cytosolic Nadphsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Specific activity of the enzyme in adipose tissue decreases in response to fasting Ingle et al, 1973) and increases in response to feeding of high-energy diets (Baldwin and Ronning, 1966;Opstvedt et al, 1967 Pentose phosphate cycle activity is believed the major source of NADPH for lipogenesis. The two enzymes of the cycle responsible for NADPH generation are glucose-6-phosphate dehy drogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Figure 2).…”

Section: B Generation Of Cytosolic Nadphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipogenesis in adipose tissue from cattle

Whitehurst

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“…Thus, availability of mammary DNL precursors was related to diet-dependent rumen fermen-tation patterns, whereas LCFA availability was related to adipose tissue function and intestinal absorption (2,5). Unexpectedly, when lactating cows in positive energy balance were fed MFD diets, while fat output in milk was lowered, the net efficiency of fattening was enhanced (3,6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Discovery and characterization of the mechanism of MFD from the mammary perspective did not, however, provide understanding about the increased lipid deposition effect (3,6) in adipose tissues during MFD. Harvatine et al (1) elegantly close this knowledge gap by now demonstrating that CLA can indeed enhance adipose DNL, which accounts for at least in part the increased adipose triacylglycerol depots during MFD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk-Fat Depression and Lipid Repartitioning in Lactating Dairy Cows

Bergen¹

2009

The Journal of Nutrition

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Effect of Diet Upon Activities of Several Enzymes in Abdominal Adipose and Mammary Tissues in The Lactating Dairy Cow

Cited by 59 publications

References 6 publications

Milk fat responses to butterfat infusion during conjugated linoleic acid-induced milk fat depression in lactating dairy cows

Milk fat responses to butterfat infusion during conjugated linoleic acid-induced milk fat depression in lactating dairy cows

Lipogenesis in adipose tissue from cattle

Milk-Fat Depression and Lipid Repartitioning in Lactating Dairy Cows

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