Effect of dietary ascorbic acid on growth and non-specific immune responses of tiger puffer, Takifugu rubripes

Dietary vitamin C requirement and its effects on tissue antioxidant capacity of juvenile largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides

“…In the present experiment, growth performance positively correlated with dietary ASA levels, which was consistent with the results observed in many other fish species (Ai et al, 2004;Eo and Lee, 2008;Lin and Shiau, 2005;Wang et al, 2003aWang et al, , 2003bZhou et al, 2012), and was in contradiction to those reported in sea bream Sparus aurata (Henrique et al, 1998) and large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea (Ai et al, 2006). Based on growth (WG and SGR), broken-line analysis projected the dietary vitamin C requirement of juvenile largemouth bass to 102.6-109.5 mg/kg, which was similar with those of tilapia Oreochromis spilurus (100-200 mg/kg) (Al-Amoudi et al, 1992) and parrot fish (118 mg/kg) (Wang et al, 2003a(Wang et al, , 2003b, but it was higher than those of many other fish species ranging from 10-46.2 mg/kg such as the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus (Aguirre and Gatlin, 1999), grouper Epinephelus malabaricus Shiau, 2004, 2005), Eel Anguilla japonica (Bae et al, 2012), Japanese seabass Lateolabrax japonicus (Ai et al, 2004), tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes (Eo and Lee, 2008), and Jian carp Cyprinus carpio (Liu et al, 2011).…”

“…L-Ascorbic acid derivatives with sulfate and phosphate at the unstable C2 position in the lactone ring are highly resistant to oxidation and have shown vitamin C activity for fish (Waagbo et al, 1991). In recent years, numerous studies have been successfully conducted to estimate the dietary ASA requirement in fish using its derivatives such as L-ascorbic-2-glucose (Wang et al, 2003a(Wang et al, , 2003b, ascorbate-2-sulfate (Lin and Shiau, 2005), L-ascorbyl-2-monophosphate (Eo and Lee, 2008;Lin and Shiau, 2004;Wang et al, 2003aWang et al, , 2003bZhou et al, 2012), and L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate (Ai et al, 2006;Lin and Shiau, 2005;Xiao et al, 2010).…”

Adverse and beneficial effects of long-term high-concentration ascorbic acid supplementation in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

“…In fish, the nonspecific immune system is important for disease resistance [22]. Although the stimulation mechanisms of phagocytes by high-concentration AsA supplementation are unclear, AsA intakes can induce improvement of the bactericidal activity (oxidative burst) of fish phagocytes [23][24][25][26]. Eo and Lee [23] also indicated that SOD activity may represent a good indicator of immune response to dietary AsA in fish.…”

“…Although the stimulation mechanisms of phagocytes by high-concentration AsA supplementation are unclear, AsA intakes can induce improvement of the bactericidal activity (oxidative burst) of fish phagocytes [23][24][25][26]. Eo and Lee [23] also indicated that SOD activity may represent a good indicator of immune response to dietary AsA in fish. Improvements of these parameters suggest that disease resistance in fish fed AsA1000 and AsA5000 had increased compared with that of groups fed diet without AsA or with low AsA (AsA100).…”

Crescimento e sobrevivência de larvas de peixe vermelho (Carassius auratus) alimentadas com microdietas comerciais

“…Segundo Geurden et al (1993Geurden et al ( , 1995, Kanazawa (1994) e Radunz-Neto et al (1994), as necessidades em fosfolipídios são elevadas nas fases larvares e, assim, a sua incorporação à dieta favorece à sobrevivência, ao contrário do verificado com os suplementos em ácidos graxos essenciais da série ω3 (Radunz-Neto et al, 1994). Esse fato e os efeitos das vitaminas E (James et al, 2008) e C (Dabrowski et al, 1988), podem ter influenciado na sobrevivência e no crescimento das larvas.…”