Effect of dietary chromium-L-methionine on glucose metabolism of beef steers.

Abstract

Thirty-six crossbred steers (288 +/- 3.7 kg initial BW) were used to determine the effect of Cr, as chromium-L-methionine, on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in beef calves. Calves were fed a control diet or the diet supplemented with 400 or 800 microg Cr/kg of diet as chromium-L-methionine. Calves were kept in drylots (six calves/pen; two pens/dietary treatment). Steers were caught twice a day in locking headgates and individually fed their respective diets for a period of 22, 23, or 24 d prior to the metabolic challenges. Calves received a totally mixed diet containing 54% corn, 38% cottonseed hulls, and 5% soybean meal. On d 21, 22, and 23, four calves/dietary treatment were fitted with an indwelling jugular catheter. Approximately 24 h after catheterization, an intravenous glucose tolerance test (500 mg glucose/kg of BW), followed 5 h later by an intravenous insulin challenge test (0.1 IU insulin/kg of BW), was conducted. There was no effect (P > 0.10) of dietary treatment on ADG or ADFI. During the intravenous glucose tolerance test, serum insulin concentrations were increased by supplemental chromium-L-methionine (linear effect of Cr, P < 0.05). There was a time x treatment interaction (P < 0.05) on plasma glucose concentrations after the glucose infusion. Plasma glucose concentrations of calves fed 400 microg Cr/kg of diet were lower than those of controls and calves supplemented with 800 microg Cr/kg of diet (quadratic effect of Cr, P < 0.05) 5 and 10 min after the glucose infusion. Supplemental chromium-L-methionine increased the glucose clearance rate from 5 to 10 min after the insulin challenge test (linear effect of Cr, P < 0.05). Glucose half-life from 5 to 10 min after the insulin infusion was also decreased by supplemental chromium-L-methionine (linear effect of Cr, P < 0.10). These data indicate that supplemental Cr, as chromium-L-methionine, increased glucose clearance rate after an insulin infusion and increased the insulin response to an intravenous glucose challenge in growing calves with functioning rumens.

Efficiency of nutrient utilization and reproductive performance of pre‐pubertal anestrous dairy heifers supplemented with inorganic and organic chromium compounds

“…11 Unlike most earlier reports, the present findings indicated that inorganic trivalent Cr might also be potentially effective in enhancing nutrient utilization in anestrous dairy calves. The effect of dietary supplementation of Cr on nutrient intake in dairy cattle is contradictory and some of the earlier investigations reported no significant effect on the intake parameters.…”

THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC-Cr DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION ON STRESS RESPONSE IN TRANSPORT-STRESSED BEEF CATTLE

“…Kegley et al (2000) reported that supplemental Cr, as chromium-L-methionine, increased glucose clearance rate after an insulin infusion and increased the insulin response to an intravenous glucose challenge in growing calves with functioning rumens. Vincent (2004) reported that various trivalent chromate compounds have been used as nutritional supplements, weight-loss agents, and muscle-development agents in humans and as feed additives in domestic animals.…”

Desempenho Produtivo E Reprodutivo De Ovelhas Santa Inês Suplementadas Com Cromo Orgânico Durante a Estação De Monta E a Gestação

“…Isto foi demonstrado por Yang et al (1996) que suplementaram bovinos leiteiros de diferentes categorias com Cr e observaram aumento significativo de 15% no consumo de matéria seca e tendência de produção de leite superior em primíparas, mas não em vacas multíparas. Outros fatores a serem considerados são os níveis e a biodisponibilidade da forma química do mineral na dieta basal, pois se adequados, podem justificar a ineficiência de sua inclusão Galloway;Fakler, 2000).…”