Effect of dietary microminerals in early weaning diets on growth, survival, mineral contents and gene expression in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, L) larvae

Abstract

In previous studies, combined inclusion of Zn, Mn and Se in early weaning diets improved larval growth, but suggested a potential toxicity by one of these elements. The present study aimed to determine the effect of the single inclusion of Zn, Mn, Se or Cu, their combination (Control+) or their absence (Control−) on larval diets. At the end of the trial, survival was significantly (p < .05) lowest in fish fed C+ diet (17.16 ± 7% mean ± SD), followed by that of larvae fed Mn diet (21.91 ± 7%). The highest survival was obtained by Cu diet (35.27 ± 15%), followed by C− diet (34.58 ± 9%). Cu and Se supplementation significantly improved total length and body weight, in comparison with the C− fish. On the contrary, fish fed Mn and C+ showed the lowest growth. Supplementation with Zn or Cu significantly increased CuZnsod, whereas gpx was significantly upregulated in fish fed Se and C+ diets. ARA/EPA level was significantly highest and DHA/EPA lowest in larvae fed the Cu diet in fish fed C+ diet. The results pointed out the importance of supplementation with Cu, as well as Se and Zn, on early weaning diets for gilthead sea bream, and the potential toxic effect of Mn.

Dietary Curcumin Promotes Gilthead Seabream Larvae Digestive Capacity and Modulates Oxidative Status

“…Therefore, our results seem to suggest that curcumin may modulate growth of gilthead seabream larvae, but the doses of inclusion might need to be adjusted. The results for DW and TL were slightly lower compared to previous observations reported in the literature for gilthead seabream at the same age [59][60][61]. These differences might be explained by the more extreme feeding plan used in the present study, with co-feeding from mouth-opening with substantial livefeed replacement.…”

“…Moreover, survival rate at the end of the experiment was 4-5-fold lower compared to previous experiments with gilthead seabream at mouth opening, reared at similar conditions [38,59]. The larvae survival when weaning is started at mouth opening is usually lower when compared to a late weaning in older larvae (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22), that can vary between 11-56% [60][61][62]. However, it was similar among treatments, implying that curcumin supplementation had no effect on the observed survival rates.…”

Reversal of Doxorubicin-Induced Bone Loss and Mineralization by Supplementation of Resveratrol and MitoTEMPO in the Early Development of Sparus aurata

“…To obtain different particle sizes (i.e., 500 µm, 250 µm, and 125 µm), the dried pellets were ground (Braun, Kronberg, Germany) and sieved (Filtra, Barcelona, Spain) [ 20 ]. The proximate composition of basal diet (control) was Protein—64.46%, Lipid—20.44%, Ash—7.27%, Moisture—9.78% [ 20 , 55 , 56 ] ( Table 1 and Table 2 ).…”

Long‐term incorporation of Selenium and Zinc in microalgae Isochrysis galbana and Nannochloropsis oculata and its effects on rotifer

“…Previous research show that increasing Zn levels up to 245 mg/kg in rotifer had no negative effects on larval fish survival and even using zinc supplementation up to 306 mg/kg did not affect fish larval growth (Eryalçın et al, 2020; Satoh et al, 2008; Yamamoto et al, 2013). Moreover, low levels of zinc in the diet (85–100 mg kg −1 ) and enriched rotifers (119–306 mg kg −1 ) did not affect the growth of fish larvae (Izquierdo et al, 2017).…”

“…Despite the importance of Se and Zn as a key part of metalloenzymes in aquatic physiology (Eryalçın et al, 2020), oxidative stress (Betancor et al, 2012; Izquierdo et al, 2017; Pacitti et al, 2013; Saleh et al, 2014), ossification (Yamaguchi, 1998) and improvements in larval growth and survival (Satoh et al, 2008), information regarding mineral nutrition in marine fish larvae is very limited. Moreover, the availability of the minerals depends on their molecular form such as Izquierdo et al (2017) observed using different forms of minerals (inorganic, organic and nanoparticles) in fish larvae feeding.…”