Effect of Dietaryn-3Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Macrosomic Offspring of Diabetic Rats

Abstract

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of dietary n − 3 PUFA on oxidant/antioxidant status, in vitro very low and low density lipoprotein (VLDL-LDL), and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition in macrosomic pups of diabetic mothers. We hypothesized that n − 3 PUFA would improve oxidative stress in macrosomia. Diabetes was induced in female Wistar rats fed with the ISIO diet (control) or with the EPAX diet (enriched in n − 3 PUFAs), by streptozotocin. The macrosomic pups were killed at birth (day 0) and at adulthood (day 90). Lipid parameters and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition were investigated. The oxidant/antioxidant status was determined by measuring plasma oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), hydroperoxides, carbonyl proteins, and VLDL-LDL oxidation. Macrosomic rats of ISIO fed diabetic mothers showed an increase in plasma and VLDL-LDL-triglycerides and VLDL-LDL-cholesterol levels and altered VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition. Plasma ORAC was low with high hydroperoxide and carbonyl protein levels. The in vitro oxidizability of VLDL-LDL was enhanced in these macrosomic rats. The EPAX diet corrected lipid parameters and improved oxidant/antioxidant status but increased VLDL-LDL susceptibility to oxidation. Macrosomia is associated with lipid abnormalities and oxidative stress. n − 3 PUFA exerts favorable effects on lipid metabolism and on the oxidant/antioxidant status of macrosomic rats. However, there are no evident effects on VLDL-LDL oxidation.

Protective Role of Flaxseed Oil and Flaxseed Lignan Secoisolariciresinol Diglucoside Against Oxidative Stress in Rats with Metabolic Syndrome

“…In line with previous findings, this study also demonstrated that FO could protect against protein and lipid damage in groups that received fructose solution (MS) (Guermouche and others ; Pilar and others ). Furthermore, flaxseed lignan SDG protection against oxidative damage to lipids agrees with results of Newairy and Abdou ().…”

Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Induced by Oxidative Stress

“…PUFAs have been linked to considerable cardiovascular benefits in diabetics and heart failure patients [ 177 , 178 , 179 ]. Consistent with the above, a rat model of diabetes shows that PUFAs alter favorably the lipid metabolism in diabetic rats themselves and on the oxidation level of their offspring [ 180 ]. This fatty acid acts as an indirect anti-oxidant in vascular endothelial cells and reduced inflammation and levels of adhesion molecules, in turn diminish the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease [ 181 ].…”

In vivo oral insulin delivery via covalent organic frameworks

“…3a-d and S45 †). [86][87][88][89] The changes in blood glucose levels of the diabetic rats as a function of time following oral administration of various formulations or subcutaneous injection of free-form insulin solution were determined (Fig. 3ad and S45 †).…”