Effect of Dietary Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) Extract on Gizzard Erosion and UIceration Induced by Dietary Histamine in Broiler Chicks.

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to determine if dietary Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) extract prevents gizzard erosion and ulceration of chicks induced by dietary histamine. Day old broiler chicks were fed on a basal diet, a diet with 0.4% histamine or a diet containing 0.2% Stevia extract (on dry matter basis) +0.4% histamine for 14 days. Dietary histamine reduced growth and caused occurrence of gizzard erosion and ulceration as previously reported. Feeding of Stevia extract containing diet partly prevented retardation of growth and occurrence of gizzard erosion and ulceration caused by histamine. The result shows that the Stevia extract contains active substance(s) that attenuates histaminic action.

The protective effect of stevia extract on the gastric mucosa of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) fed dietary histamine

“…In spite of many reports in mammals, to our knowledge, there is no report of plant extracts having a protective activity against the effects of dietary histamine in fish. In broiler chicks stevia extract has previously been shown to reduce the action of histamine (Takahashi et al . 2001b).…”

“…2001b). Takahashi and colleagues (2001b) suggested that the gastric protective activity of stevia extract in broiler chicks is because of (1) anti‐oxidant activity, (2) inhibition of histamine incorporation from intestine, (3) activation of histamine catabolism, (4) blocking of H2‐histamine receptor, (5) inhibition of H + /K + ATPase or (6) inhibition of peptic activity. In the present study the activation of pepsin in the gastric mucosa by dietary histamine was seen and the pepsin activity in the gastric irrigation solution was slightly increased.…”

“…In spite of many reports in mammals, to our knowledge, there is no report of plant extracts having a protective activity against the e¡ects of dietary histamine in ¢sh. In broiler chicks stevia extract has previously been shown to reduce the action of histamine (Takahashi et al 2001b). Takahashi and colleagues (2001b) suggested that the gastric protective activity of stevia extract in broiler chicks is because of (1) anti-oxidant activity, (2) inhibition of histamine incorporation from intestine, (3) activation of histamine catabolism, (4) blocking of H2-histamine receptor, (5) inhibition of H 1 /K 1 ATPase or (6) inhibition of peptic activity.…”

“…Stevia extract has not been shown to cause chronic toxicity in rats (Yamada, Ohgaki, Noda & Shimizu 1985). The extract also has protective activity regarding GE in broiler chicks as a result of histamine exposure (Takahashi, Akiba, Nakano, Yamaguchi, Sato & Sato 2001b). However, the protective mechanism of stevia extract is not clear and the use of the stevia extract in the aquaculture industry is not widespread.…”

Electrophysiological, Vasoactive, and Gastromodulatory Effects of Stevia in Healthy Wistar Rats

“…In addition to vasodilatation, stevia reduced gastric mucosal damage induced by histamine in rainbow trout [21]. Stevia prevented increased contractility of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle evidenced by its antispasmodic effect in guinea pig ileum and reduced gizzard erosion in broiler chickens fed dietary histamine [21][22][23]. Moreover, stevia was suggested to be gastroprotective by regulating gastric acid secretion and preventing gastric ulcer formation in a similar manner to that of calcium channels blockers (CCB).…”