Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Trace Elements on the Growth Performance and Their Distribution in the Breast and Thigh Muscles Depending on the Age of Broiler Chickens

Abstract

This study was designed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of different doses and forms of Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn and Se on the growth performance and concentration of these elements in the breast and thigh muscle of Ross 308 broiler chickens at the age of 21, 35 and 42 days. The diets for groups 1 and 2 of birds were supplemented with equivalent amounts of trace elements in an inorganic form (Cu sulphate 5 mg·kg , respectively. Groups 3 and 4 received the same feed as chickens in groups 1 and 2 but with a highly reduced amount of supplemented nutrients in the organic "proteinated" form (Bioplex Cu 2.5 mg·kg -1 , Bioplex Fe, Bioplex Zn, Bioplex Mn 10 mg·kg -1 ), except for selenium which was given at the dose of Se 0.3 mg·kg -1 as sodium selenite or selenized yeast (Sel-Plex), respectively. The diet supplemented with the restricted doses of trace elements in proteinated forms (50% Cu, 20% Fe, Zn, Mn and a regular level of Se) had the same effect on the indexes of growth performance (such as the body weight on days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 of life, total feed intake, feed conversion ratio, carcass yield and abdominal fat of chickens) as well as on the concentration of Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn (except for Se) in the breast and thigh muscle of broilers at the age of 21, 35 and 42 days as did the diet with the recommended doses of minerals in the form of inorganic salts. Unlike sodium selenite, the proteinated form of Se (selenized yeast) is able to build a significant deposit of this element in the muscle of broilers at the age of 21, 35 and 42 days. Poultry, mineral nutrients, proteinated form, productive indexes, deposition in muscle

Effect of dietary supplementation of trace elements on blood chemistry and selected immunological indices depending on the age of broiler chickens

“…These changes could have a close relation to the higher amount of Cu and Mn in the breast and thigh muscles on day 21 of life compared to the birds aged 42 days that were included in the same study (Petrovič et al 2010). All these changes can reflect a notable development of parenchymatous organs and the bones of broilers as well as higher efficiency of lipid metabolism in the first 3 weeks of their life.…”

“…In addition, Petrovič et al (2010) found in the same experiment that the concentration of Se in the breast and thigh muscles was significantly increased in groups of broilers fed selenized yeast compared to sodium selenite, and age dependent changes of this index were found in both muscles only between the 1 st vs. 2 nd sampling. Similarly, no significant differences were shown in the form of selenium supplemented and GSH-Px activity in blood of adult poultry (Kuricová et al 1999;Petrovič et al 2006).…”

“…Red blood cell and white blood cell counts were significantly increased at the 42 nd day compared to the 35 th day of life of broilers, whereas a significant increase in the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration was found between the earlier samplings. We can predict that the increased saturation of erytrocytes with Hb and the subsequent increase of RBC count (probably caused by the elevated erytropoesis) reflect the reaction of organism to the intensive growth performance of broilers during the final phase of fattening (Petrovič et al 2010). On the other hand, the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine applied on the 18 th day of life of broilers caused a significant increase in the titres of antibodies against NDV at the 35 th and 42 nd day of life.…”

“…The recent experiments performed on broilers showed that the supplementation of diets with the substantially reduced doses of trace elements (Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn) in the organic forms has the same effect on the growth performance of broilers (Peric et al 2006;Nollet et al 2007 and and on their concentration in the muscles (Petrovič et al 2010) as the feeding of diets with the recommended doses of their mineral salts. However, selenized yeast is able to build significant Se deposits in the muscle of poultry compared to sodium selenite (Kuricová et al 1999;Sevcikova et al 2006;Petrovič et al 2006;Petrovič et al 2010).…”

“…However, selenized yeast is able to build significant Se deposits in the muscle of poultry compared to sodium selenite (Kuricová et al 1999;Sevcikova et al 2006;Petrovič et al 2006;Petrovič et al 2010).…”