Effect of dietary supplements containing antioxidants on attenuation of muscle damage in exercising sled dogs

Piercy, Richard J.; Hinchcliff, Kenneth W.; DiSilvestro, Robert A.; Reinhart, Gregory A.; Baskin, Carole R.; Hayek, Michael G.; Burr, John; Swenson, Richard A.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2000.61.1438

Cited by 44 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, uric acid levels have been shown to increase following endurance exercise in both dogs and humans. Specifically, uric acid levels increased 2-fold in endurance sled dogs running 30 minutes at high intensity (70% VO 2 max) and were increased as much as 3-fold in sled dogs after running 100 miles [20]- [22]. Increased uric acid levels have been proposed as a protective mechanism against exercise-induced oxidative stress [20] [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, uric acid levels increased 2-fold in endurance sled dogs running 30 minutes at high intensity (70% VO 2 max) and were increased as much as 3-fold in sled dogs after running 100 miles [20]- [22]. Increased uric acid levels have been proposed as a protective mechanism against exercise-induced oxidative stress [20] [22]. The 2-to 3-fold increase following low intensity endurance activity suggests that this protective mechanism may be in place during most exercise of any intensity or duration and should be examined in sprint athletes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elevated serum uric acid during both short and long duration strenuous activities is associated with decreased exercise-induced oxidative damage [20]- [22]. In addition, supplementation of humans with uric acid prevented exercise-induced elevation of 8-isoPs [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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The Effects of Low Intensity Endurance Activity on Various Physiological Parameters and Exercise Induced Oxidative Stress in Dogs

Huntingford¹,

Levine²,

Mustacich³

et al. 2014

OJVM

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The study of canine athlete physiology has focused on endurance sled dog racing and high intensity short duration Greyhound racing, yet the number of dogs competing in low intensity endurance activities is rising due to the increased numbers of hunting and companion dog activities. There is little information on the physiological effect of longer duration low intensity endurance activities. We set out to evaluate the serum biochemistry, oxidative stress, and cortisol response before and after two consecutive days of exercise in ten healthy unconditioned male dogs. Exercise sessions consisted of 120 minutes on an exercise wheel at 11 km/hour on 2 consecutive days. Blood was collected at four time points: 24 hours pre-exercise (sample 1, Day 0, resting); 2 min post-exercise on days 1 and 2, (samples 2 and 3, respectively); and 20 hours post-exercise, collected on day 3(sample 4). Hematocrit, blood gases, serum chemistry, uric acid, cortisol, and F2-isoprostanes were determined. Serum biochemistry and hematocrit suggested hemoconcentration, mild muscle damage and respiratory alkalosis during exercise, which was expected in the unconditioned canine athlete. In addition, plasma indices of oxidative damage (F2-isoprostanes) increased, as did plasma uric acid (an endogenous antioxidant). Importantly, similar to human studies, plasma F2-isoprostanes decreased 24 hours after exercise suggesting a protective effect of exercise. Serum cortisol concentrations were also markedly elevated at the end of exercise on both days suggesting that timing of sampling may play a role in interpreting cortisol results when looking at previous field studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Low Intensity Endurance Activity on Various Physiological Parameters and Exercise Induced Oxidative Stress in Dogs

Huntingford¹,

Levine²,

Mustacich³

et al. 2014

OJVM

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“…2001). Several studies have indicated that vitamin C supplementation attenuates exercise-induced oxidative stress, but this is not a consistent finding (Ashton et al 1999;Piercy et al 2000;Rokitzki et al 1994;Sanchez-Quesada et al 1998;Thompson et al 2001;White et al 2001). ROS generation and antioxidant status may be linked to immune alterations following exercise, such as cell adhesion, inflammation, and lymphocyte proliferation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative and salivary IgA changes following an ultramarathon

et al. 2003

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This randomized study measured the influence of vitamin C ( N=15) compared to placebo ( N=13) supplementation on oxidative and salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA) changes in runners competing in an ultramarathon race. Seven days prior to the race, subjects ingested in randomized, double-blind fashion three 500-mg tablets of vitamin C or placebo each day. On race day, blood and saliva samples were collected 1 h pre-race, after 32 km of running, and then again immediately post-race. During the race, runners received 1 l/h carbohydrate beverages (60 g/l) with vitamin C (150 mg/l) or without in a double-blinded fashion. The runners also ingested two to three carbohydrate gel packs per hour (25 g each). Subjects in both groups ran a mean of 69 km (range 48-80 km) in 9.8 h (range 5-12 h) and maintained an intensity of approximately 75% maximal heart rate (HR(max)) throughout the ultramarathon race. Plasma ascorbic acid was higher in the vitamin C compared to placebo group pre-race, and increased significantly in the vitamin C group during the race [post-race, 3.21 (0.29) and 1.28 (0.12) microg/100 microl, respectively, P<0.001]. No significant group or interaction effects were measured for lipid hydroperoxide and F(2)-isoprostane, but both oxidative measures rose significantly during the ultramarathon race. Saliva volume, sIgA concentration, sIgA secretion and sIgA:saliva protein ratio all decreased significantly (P<0.001) during the race, but the pattern of change in all saliva measures did not differ significantly between groups. No significant correlations were found between post-race plasma vitamin C, oxidative, and saliva measures, except for a positive correlation between post-race serum cortisol and serum vitamin C (r=0.50, P=0.006). These data indicate that vitamin C supplementation in carbohydrate-fed runners does not serve as a countermeasure to oxidative and sIgA changes during or following a competitive ultramarathon race.

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“…Furthermore, recent research in P. corroboree has indicated that dietary carotenoids can significantly enhance skin colouration (Byrne and Silla, unpublished data) and escape performance (Silla et al, 2016), indicating that P. corroboree is capable of efficiently processing and assimilating dietary carotenoids. To conclusively demonstrate that the experimental animals were indeed assimilating dietary carotenoids it would have been necessary to quantify carotenoid levels in either plasma, retina or other tissues, as achieved by past studies investigating the effects of dietary carotenoids on fitness-determining traits in various vertebrate groups (Piercy et al, 2000;Lin et al, 2010;Toomey and McGraw, 2011;Giraudeau et al, 2013;Wawrzyniak et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of carotenoid supplementation at different life-stages on the foraging performance of the Southern Corroboree frog (Pseudophryne corroboree): A test of the Silver Spoon and Environmental Matching Hypotheses

McInerney

Silla

Byrne

2016

Behavioural Processes

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Organismal performance can be significantly affected by the nutritional conditions experienced during different life-stages. The Silver Spoon Hypothesis predicts that individuals will always perform better as adults when they experience advantageous conditions during development. In contrast, the Environmental Matching Hypothesis predicts that individuals will perform better if they experience similar conditions during development and adulthood. Past tests of these hypotheses have focussed on the effect of food quantity on growth and development, with little attempt to investigate the effect of individual nutrients on behavioural traits. This study aimed to test the predictions of the Environmental Matching and Silver Spoon Hypotheses by investigating the influence of carotenoid supplementation at different life-stages on the foraging performance of Pseudophryne corroboree. To assess foraging performance, adults were presented with prey in either a cryptic or conspicuous foraging matrix. There was no effect of diet treatment on time to first movement towards prey, number of stalking events, time spent actively foraging, proportion of successful strikes, proportion of prey consumed or number of pedal luring events. These findings indicate that carotenoid supplementation at different life-stages does not influence the foraging performance of P. corroboree, providing no support for either the Silver Spoon or Environmental Matching Hypotheses. AbstractOrganismal performance can be significantly affected by the nutritional conditions experienced during different life-stages. The Silver Spoon Hypothesis predicts that individuals will always perform better as adults when they experience advantageous conditions during development. In contrast, the Environmental Matching Hypothesis predicts that individuals will perform better if they experience similar conditions during development and adulthood. Past tests of these hypotheses have focussed on the effect of food quantity on growth and development, with little attempt to investigate the effect of individual nutrients on behavioural traits. This study aimed to test the predictions of the Environmental Matching and Silver Spoon Hypotheses by investigating the influence of carotenoid supplementation at different life-stages on the foraging performance of Pseudophryne corroboree. To assess foraging performance, adults were presented with prey in either a cryptic or conspicuous foraging matrix. There was no effect of diet treatment on time to first movement towards prey, number of stalking events, time spent actively foraging, proportion of successful strikes, proportion of prey consumed or number of pedal luring events. These findings indicate that carotenoid supplementation at different life-stages does not influence the foraging performance of P. corroboree, providing no support for either the Silver Spoon or Environmental Matching Hypotheses.

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Effect of dietary supplements containing antioxidants on attenuation of muscle damage in exercising sled dogs

Abstract: Use of supplements containing the doses of antioxidants used here failed to attenuate exercise-induced increases in CK activity. Muscle damage in sled dogs, as measured by plasma CK activity, may be caused by a mechanism other than oxidant stress.

Cited by 44 publications

References 42 publications

The Effects of Low Intensity Endurance Activity on Various Physiological Parameters and Exercise Induced Oxidative Stress in Dogs

The Effects of Low Intensity Endurance Activity on Various Physiological Parameters and Exercise Induced Oxidative Stress in Dogs

Influence of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative and salivary IgA changes following an ultramarathon

The influence of carotenoid supplementation at different life-stages on the foraging performance of the Southern Corroboree frog (Pseudophryne corroboree): A test of the Silver Spoon and Environmental Matching Hypotheses

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