Effect of dietary vitamin C on growth performance, body composition and biochemical parameters of juvenile Chu's croaker (Nibea coibor)

Abstract

Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient for normal physiological and immune functions of fish. However, its requirements and effects in Chu's croaker (Nibea coibor) are currently unknown. A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the optimal dietary vitamin C requirements based on its effects on growth performance, body composition and biochemical parameters in juvenile Chu's croaker (14.17 ± 0.1 g). Six isoproteic (450 g/kg crude protein) and isolipidic (100 g/kg crude lipid) diets were formulated to contain 2.24 (basal diet), 39.03, 85.01, 171.16, 356.49 and 715.46 mg/ kg of vitamin C. The results showed that fish fed on 171.16 mg/kg vitamin C diet had the highest growth performance and feed utilization. Fish fed on the basal diet had higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content and lower activities of antioxidant enzymes in the serum and liver as compared with those fed on vitamin C diets. Polynomial analysis indicated that the optimal dietary vitamin C requirements of juvenile Chu's croaker were 102. 28, 98.21, 150.26, 165.38, 71.46, 176.19, 84.84 and 103.78 mg/kg based on weight gain, specific growth rate, liver storage, muscle storage, liver MDA content, liver alanine aminotransferase activity, liver alkaline phosphatase activity and liver superoxide dismutase activity, respectively. We recommend an inclusion level in the range of 71.46-150.26 mg/kg vitamin C in the diets of juvenile Chu's croaker for optimum growth performance, liver function, antioxidant capacity and innate immunity functions. K E Y W O R D Santioxidant capacity, Chu's croaker, growth performance, innate immunity, Nibea coibor, vitamin C | 61 ZOU et al.

Ascorbic Acid Regulates the Immunity, Anti-Oxidation and Apoptosis in Abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino

“…In the present study, the AA contents in the muscle, gill and digestive gland increased with increasing dietary AA levels. A similar result was also found in Vundu (Heterobranchus longifilis), Japanese eel and Chu's croaker (Nibea coibor) [27,56,57]. The AA content was highest in the gill, followed by the digestive gland of the abalone.…”

Dietary vitamin C requirement of juvenile grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ) and its effects on growth attributes, organ indices, whole‐body composition and biochemical parameters

“…Ascorbic acid supplemented diet improved the anti-oxidative abilities of juvenile largemouth bass (Chen et al, 2015), juvenile yellow catfish (Liang et al, 2017), juvenile Chu's croaker (Zou et al, 2020) and juvenile cobia (Zhou et al, 2012). In addition, dietary ASA supplementation improved the effect of immunological factors in juvenile yellow catfish (Liang et al, 2017), juvenile Chu's croaker (Zou et al, 2020), Grouper (Lin & Shiau, 2004), juvenile cobia (Zhou et al, 2012), mahseer fish (Khan et al, 2017) and hybrid striped bass (Sealey & Gatlin III, 2002). Moreover, it reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the liver of juvenile largemouth bass (Chen et al, 2015), juvenile yellow catfish (Liang et al, 2017), juvenile Chu's croaker (Zou et al, 2020), juvenile cobia (Zhou et al, 2012) and hybrid striped bass (Sealey & Gatlin III, 2002).…”

“…Ascorbic acid supplemented diet improved the anti-oxidative abilities of juvenile largemouth bass (Chen et al, 2015), juvenile yellow catfish (Liang et al, 2017), juvenile Chu's croaker (Zou et al, 2020) and juvenile cobia (Zhou et al, 2012). In addition, dietary ASA supplementation improved the effect of immunological factors in juvenile yellow catfish (Liang et al, 2017), juvenile Chu's croaker (Zou et al, 2020), Grouper (Lin & Shiau, 2004), juvenile cobia (Zhou et al, 2012), mahseer fish (Khan et al, 2017) and hybrid striped bass (Sealey & Gatlin III, 2002).…”

“…The optimal nutritional requirements of ASA from l-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate based on WG% in various fish species, including juvenile Chinese sucker, GIFT tilapia, common carp and Mori, were found to be 84.6 mg/kg (Huang et al, 2017), 45 mg/kg (Huang et al, 2016), 270 mg/kg (Gouillou-Coustans et al, 1998) and 35.65 mg/kg (Zehra & Khan, 2012) respectively. Moreover, the requirement of ASA from l-ascorbyl-2-monophosphate was determined in juvenile Chu's croaker and juvenile largemouth bass as 102.28 mg/ kg (Zou et al, 2020) and 109.5 mg/kg (Chen et al, 2015) respectively.…”

Extreme temperature differently alters the effects of dietary vitamin C on the growth, immunity and pathogen resistance of Waigieu seaperch, Psammoperca waigiensis

“…The supplement of vitamin C in the diet generally increased the survival, growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and protein productive value, and reduced food intake and food conversion ratio of P. waigiensis as for many other fish species such as cobia (Zhou et al, 2012), largemouth bass (Chen et al, 2015) and Chu's croaker (Zou et al, 2020). The better growth performance of P. waigiensis was observed even when they had lower food intake, suggesting a higher feed utilization (reviewed in ).…”