Effect of Dietary Zearalenone on Reproduction of Chickens ,

Allen, Neil K.; Mirocha, C. J.; Aakhus-Allen, Sandra; Bitgood, J. J.; Weaver, Gillian; Bates, Fern

doi:10.3382/ps.0601165

Cited by 57 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Aflatoxin, ochratoxin, and T-2 toxin were not detected in these wheats. As Allen et al (1981) found that dietary zearalenone levels up to 800 mg/kg had little effect on egg production and weight, feed intake, body weight, fertility, hatchability of fertile eggs, organ weights, and egg interior and shell quality, it was unlikely that the low levels of zeraralenone present in the experimental diets influenced the results being reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Effects of Feeding White Leghorn Hens Diets that Contain Deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin)-Contaminated Wheat

Hamilton¹,

Thompson²,

Trenholm³

et al. 1985

Poultry Science

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A short-term (10 weeks, Experiment 1) and a long-term experiment (24 weeks, Experiment 2) were done to determine effects of incorporating either white winter wheat, naturally contaminated with 1 mg deoxynivalenol (DON)/kg, or spring wheats, containing up to 6.5 mg DON/kg, into the diets of White Leghorn hens. Based on chemical analysis, the diets in Experiment 1 contained less than .05 to .7 mg DON/kg, while those in Experiment 2 contained from .2 to 4.9 mg/kg. Incorporation of winter or spring wheat in the experimental diets had no effect (P greater than .05) on feed intake and efficiency, egg production and yield, the number of soft shell and cracked eggs observed in the laying house, body weight at the completion of the experimental period, fertility, hatchability of fertile eggs, and the proportion of malformed embryos and pips. In addition, presence of DON-contaminated wheat did not influence (P greater than .05) the organ weight to body weight ratio for a randomly selected sample of hens necropsied at the completion of each experiment. There was little evidence of lesions in the oral cavity, esophagus, proventriculus and gizzard, hemorrhaging in the viscera or skeletal muscles, or of changes in the appearance of spleen, heart, and kidney. However, the livers from DON hens were fatty in appearance. Furthermore, vomiting (emesis), diarrhea, or changes in behaviour were not apparent and mortality, normally very low, was not increased during either experiment. Inverse linear relationships were obtained in Experiment 1 between dietary DON concentrations and egg weight (P less than .05), shell weight and thickness (P less than .01), and percent shell (P less than .05). Although egg and shell variables measured in Experiment 2 were not significantly influenced (P greater than .05) by DON treatment, trends towards lower values with higher dietary DON levels were evident. Egg specific gravity, nondestructive deformation, and quasistatic compression fracture strength of the egg's shell were not influenced (P greater than .05) by dietary DON levels. The results from these experiments indicate that laying hens can tolerate diets containing up to 5 mg DON/kg from white winter or spring wheat for extended periods of time without serious adverse effects on health and productivity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Effects of Feeding White Leghorn Hens Diets that Contain Deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin)-Contaminated Wheat

Hamilton¹,

Thompson²,

Trenholm³

et al. 1985

Poultry Science

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show abstract

“…It is unlikely that if zearalenone were present in the diets at levels below the detection limit that it would have influenced the results being reported, because Allen et al (1981) found that dietary zearalenone up to 800 mg/kg had little effect on production and reproduction parameters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effects of Feeding Mature White Leghorn Hens Diets that Contain Deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin)

et al. 1987

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Mature White Leghorn hens that had been fed a commercial laying diet were changed to a wheat-based diet over a period of 42 days. Two groups were formed based on equivalent egg production and body weights and randomly assigned to either a control (noncontaminated) wheat diet or a naturally contaminated deoxynivalenol (DON, vomitoxin) wheat diet (18 mg DON/kg). Hens were provided their respective diets and water ad libitum for 112 days along with 16 hr of light. The DON-contaminated diet did not significantly influence hen body weights, hen day egg production, egg weights, or efficiency of feed utilization. Internal egg quality, as measured by albumin height, was slightly, although significantly, improved by feeding the DON-contaminated wheat diet. Egg shell weight and percent egg shell were slightly, although significantly, decreased by feeding the DON-contaminated diet, whereas shell thickness was not altered. No deleterious effects were observed in fertility, hatchability, or chick weights at hatch. The results indicate that laying hens are affected only slightly when fed naturally contaminated wheat diets containing approximately 18 mg DON/kg for 112 days.

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“…These diets contained an average of 92.0% dry matter. Although trace levels of zearalenone (<460 /ug/kg) were present in the white winter and spring wheats in proportion to the concentration of DON as reported by Hamilton and Trenholm (1984), these quantities of zearalenone likely had no effect on the results, because Allen et al (1981) found that dietary zearalenone levels < 800 mg/ kg had little effect on feed intake and egg production of laying hens. Aflatoxin, ochratoxin, "Standard error of difference between feeder positions = 1.82.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

The Effects of Deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin) on Dietary Preference of White Leghorn Hens ,

Hamilton¹,

Thompson²,

Trenholm³

1986

Poultry Science

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In two experiments, a total of 108 laying hens were given two-choice preference tests involving diets containing 4-deoxynivalenol (DON) and control diets that contained little (.2 mg DON/kg) or no DON. The DON was from naturally contaminated white winter (.35 and .70 mg/kg; Experiment 1) or spring wheat (1.4 and 4.5 mg/kg) and purified DON (1.4 mg/kg; Experiment 2). Testing lasted 14 to 16 days for each hen, with the position of the separate feed containers that held the control or DON diet being altered daily. The birds showed large individual differences in diet selection. The majority of the hens consumed more (P<.05) of the control diet, but a few consistently preferred the DON-containing diets. In addition, some birds showed a consistent preference for the position of the feed container, usually for the diet presented on the right side of their cage front. On average, the hens ate less of the DON diets, but their intakes varied depending on the level of contamination (.35 vs. 4.5 mg/kg) and source of DON. A diet containing purified DON was rejected more strongly than one containing a similar level (1.4 mg/kg) of naturally occurring DON. Based on daily intake of the control and DON diets from each feed container in Experiment 2, the individual hens were categorized into those that preferred the control diets, the DON diets, the position of the feed container, and those that showed no clear preference. In a third experiment, these hens were given the control or DON-containing (4.5 mg/kg) diet only for a 4-day period. Previous preference for control or DON diet had little influence on daily diet intake when the birds were given the diets in separate weeks (Experiment 3), but the birds preferring DON consumed significantly more of the DON diet. In all experiments, egg production and changes in body weight were similar among the diet pairs. The results of these experiments indicate that the effects of DON on dietary intake were probably due to influences on palatability or olfactory responses and were not likely due to anorexic effects. (

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Effect of Dietary Zearalenone on Reproduction of Chickens ,

Cited by 57 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of Feeding White Leghorn Hens Diets that Contain Deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin)-Contaminated Wheat

Effects of Feeding White Leghorn Hens Diets that Contain Deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin)-Contaminated Wheat

Effects of Feeding Mature White Leghorn Hens Diets that Contain Deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin)

The Effects of Deoxynivalenol (Vomitoxin) on Dietary Preference of White Leghorn Hens ,

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