Effect of diets enriched with rutin on blood parameters, oxidative biomarkers and pituitary hormone expression in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

Abstract

The effects of adding rutin to the diet (0, 0.15 or 0.30%) of silver catfish for 21 days on blood parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers and pituitary hormones expression were investigated. Fish that received the diet containing 0.15% rutin exhibited reduced plasma cortisol levels. The levels of lipid peroxidation were lowered in the all tissues of animals receiving the diet containing rutin. Rutin increased the activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), nonprotein thiols (NPSH), ascorbic acid content (AA) and total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP) in the brain; glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and TRAP in the gills; SOD, CAT and GST activity, NPSH, AA levels and TRAP in the liver; CAT and GST activity and TRAP levels in the kidneys; and glutathione peroxidase activity, NPSH, AA levels and TRAP in the muscle. There were no changes regarding the expression of growth hormone, prolactin and somatolactin in fish fed with the diet containing rutin when compared with the control. The supplementation of rutin to the diet of fish is beneficial because it increases the antioxidant responses of tissues.

Myrcia sylvatica essential oil in the diet of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) attenuates the stress response induced by high stocking density

“…However, gilthead sea bream fed with 2.0 ml of EOMS showed a reduction in the plasma levels of cortisol. Similar results were found in R. quelen and Paralichthys olivaceus fed with diets containing rutin (Pês, Saccol, Ourique, Londero, Gressler, Finamor et al., ) and quercetin (Shin, Yoo, Min, Lee, & Choi, ), respectively, both compounds considered as important antioxidants. Regarding the effects of EOs, several studies have shown that these substances act as anaesthetics and prevent an increase in plasma cortisol levels in different fish species, supposedly blocking sensorial transmission to the hypothalamus, as well as the subsequent triggering of the hormonal cascade (Gressler et al., ; Iversen, Finstad, McKinley, & Eliassen, ; Saccol, Londero et al., ; Saccol, Toni et al., ).…”

“…Plant‐derived substances have been employed as functional feed supplements for commercial fish to improve growth performance (Acar, Kesbiç, Yilmaz, Gültepe, & Türker, ; Giri et al., ; Zeppenfeld et al., ; Zheng et al., ), antioxidant activity (Pês, Saccol, Ourique, Londero, Gressler, Finamor et al., ; Pês, Saccol, Ourique, Londero, Gressler, Golombieski et al., ; Saccol et al., ) and storage and to produce a delay in the deterioration of fillets (Álvarez, García, Jordan, Martínez‐Conesa, & Hernández, ), thereby not only improving fish health but also increasing productivity and the value of the commercial product produced. Our results reveal that the inclusion of EOMS in feed did not affect growth rates after 90 days of experimentation, which has been also shown by Saccol et al.…”

“…In addition, the tendency to use more environmentally friendly and less dangerous products, together with the limited side effects in animals (Bandeira et al., ), makes the use of these plants an important means to improve the health and nutrition of farmed fish. Extracts and essential oils (EOs) of medicinal plants contain phenolics, polyphenols, alkaloids, quinones, terpenoids and polypeptide compounds, which are natural and effective alternatives to antibiotics, agrochemicals, vaccines and other synthetic compounds (Amaral, Mira, Nogueira, Silva, & Florencio, ; Carbone & Faggio, ; Franz, Baser, & Windisch, ; Guardiola et al., ; Immanuel et al., ; Pês, Saccol, Ourique, Londero, Gressler, Finamor et al., ; Pês, Saccol, Ourique, Londero, Gressler, Golombieski et al., ; Saccol et al., ; Zheng et al., ). These substances, which have growth‐promoting properties, antimicrobial ability and antistress characteristics, act as immune system enhancers and appetite stimulants (Citarasu, ; Van Hai, ).…”

“…Acar, Kesbiç, Yilmaz, Gültepe, & Türker, 2015;Giri et al, 2015;Zeppenfeld et al, 2015;Zheng et al, 2009), antioxidant activity(Pês, Saccol, Ourique, Londero, Gressler, Finamor et al, 2016;Pês, Saccol, Ourique, Londero, Gressler, Golombieski et al, 2016;Saccol et al, 2013) and storage and to produce a delay in the deterioration of fillets(Álvarez, García, Jordan, Martínez-Conesa, & Hernández, 2012), thereby not only improving fish health but also increasing productivity and the value of the commercial product produced. Our results reveal that the inclusion of EOMS in feed did not affect growth rates after 90 days of experimentation, which has been also shown bySaccol et al (2013) in a similar study performed with silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) juveniles and fed with a supplementation of Lippia alba EO Zheng et al (2009).…”

Citrus x aurantiumessential oil as feed additive improved growth performance, survival, metabolic, and oxidative parameters of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)

“…As a result, there has been a growing interest in alternatives to improve production without affecting the environment. The use of medicinal plants and their major compounds as dietary additives has attracted much attention worldwide and has been the subject of several studies, assisting in the control of diseases, improving growth, and as immunostimulant (Bandeira Jr. et al, ; Pês et al, ; Saccol et al, ; Souza et al, ; Zeppenfeld et al, ).…”