Effect of different feed restriction programs on the performance and reproductive traits of broiler breeders

Carneiro, P.R.O.; Lunedo, Raquel; Fernandez-Alarcon, M. F.; Baldissera, G; Freitas, G.G.; Macari, Marcos

doi:10.3382/ps/pez181

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…de Beer and Coon (2007) noted heavier eggs laid by hens reared on a 5/2 schedule compared to hens reared on a 4/3 schedule, skip-a-day and on the control treatment. However, Carneiro et al (2019) also noted that hens reared on a 4/3 or 5/2 schedule laid lighter eggs than control hens. All hens were fed the same layer diet and feeding frequency in both studies, and the growth rate of hens did not differ according to the rearing feeding frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Another alternative feeding strategy for managing broiler breeders is non-daily feeding. Non-daily feeding schedules during rearing are common on-farm practices in North America to improve body weight uniformity for broiler breeder pullets (Zuidhof et al, 2015; Carneiro et al, 2019). When compared to a daily feeding schedule, non-daily feeding reduced behavioral signs of hunger and physiological indicators of chronic stress during rearing (Morrissey et al, 2014; Arrazola et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of alternative feeding strategies for broiler breeder pullets: 2. Welfare and performance during lay

et al. 2019

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Feeding broiler breeders to satiety has negative consequences on their health and reproduction. Alternative feeding strategies during rearing can improve welfare, although their implications during lay are not well understood. The objective was to examine the effect of rearing feeding treatments on the reproductive performance and feeding behavior of broiler breeders under simulated commercial conditions. At 3 wk of age, 1,680 Ross 308 pullets were allocated to 24 pens under 1 of 4 isocaloric treatments: 1) daily control diet; 2) daily alternative diet (40% soybean hulls and 1 to 5% calcium propionate); 3) 4/3 control diet (4 on-feed days, 3 non-consecutive off-feed days per week); and 4) graduated control diet. Feeding frequency of the graduated treatment varied with age and finished on a daily basis. At 23 wk of age, group sizes were adjusted to 40 hens, and 5 mature Yield Plus Males roosters were introduced to each pen. Pens were under the same daily feeding management and same diet during lay. The performance of broiler breeders (growth rate, body weight uniformity, and reproductive performance) was determined until 64 wk of age. At the end of lay, feeding motivation was examined with a feed intake test and a compensatory feeding test. Data were analyzed using linear mixed regression models, with pen nested in the models and age as a repeated measure. The laying rate of hens reared on the graduated treatment decreased slower compared to control hens, resulting in a higher cumulative egg production (178.2 ± 3.8 eggs/hen) than control hens (165.2 ± 3.8 eggs/hen, P < 0.01) by 64 wk of age. Hens reared on non-daily feeding treatments laid lighter eggs with relatively heavier yolks and had higher feed intake at the end of lay than hens fed daily during rearing (P = 0.02). In conclusion, rearing feeding treatments impacted the growth rate and body weight uniformity during lay, feeding motivation at the end of lay, and the laying rate and hatchability depending on hens’ age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of alternative feeding strategies for broiler breeder pullets: 2. Welfare and performance during lay

et al. 2019

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“…Nijdam et al [8] documented weight loss of poultry after fasting and transportation was 0.42%/h, about more 0.3%/h than that of poultry without fasting before transportation. Brizio et al [2] and Carneiro et al [9] demonstrated the length of fasting affects initial glycogen loading at the time of postmortem anaerobic glycolysis, and glycogen content in muscle tissue determines the rate and extent of pH decline during the onset of rigor mortis, further affects attractive characteristics of meat. Besides, in the stdudy of Caffrey et al [6], the mortality rate of broilers during transportation increased whatever fasting time before crating is too long or too short and the lowest risk resulted from fasting for 6 to 9 h. From above, it is sufficiently essential to ascertain optimum time of fasting in order to maintain acceptable welfare conditions for chicks, ensure optimal, consistent, uniform carcass and meat quality and maximize the economic benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, in the stdudy of Caffrey et al [6], the mortality rate of broilers during transportation increased whatever fasting time before crating is too long or too short and the lowest risk resulted from fasting for 6 to 9 h. From above, it is sufficiently essential to ascertain optimum time of fasting in order to maintain acceptable welfare conditions for chicks, ensure optimal, consistent, uniform carcass and meat quality and maximize the economic benefits. In addition, although a number of studies have been reported on feed withdrawal, these usually focus on fasting methods and influence of early fasting [9,10], more researches are needed in optimum fasting time. The objective of the present study was to determine…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From above, it is sufficiently essential to ascertain optimum time of fasting in order to maintain acceptable welfare conditions for chicks, ensure optimal, consistent, uniform carcass and meat quality and maximize the economic benefits. In addition, although a number of studies have been reported on feed withdrawal, these usually focus on fasting methods and influence of early fasting [ 9 , 10 ], more researches are needed in optimum fasting time. The objective of the present study was to determine the optimal fasting time for floor-feed and scatter-feed broilers by testing the effects of different fasting time preslaughter on weight loss, meat quality, carcass contamination in broilers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of pre-slaughter fasting time on weight loss, meat quality and carcass contamination in broilers

et al. 2021

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Objective: An experiment was conducted to determine the appropriate fasting time prior to slaughter for broilers in floor-feed and scatter-feed mode. Methods: On 21 d of breeding, 120 Arbor Acres broilers were divided into floor-feed and scatter-feed groups, chicks from each group were further assigned to feed withdrawal treatments for 0, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h. Some resultant indicators such as carcass contamination, body weight loss, meat quality of 54day-old broilers were measured. Results: It appears that longer feed withdrawal increased weight loss, lightness, drop loss of meat but reduced pH. A significant higher weight loss and lightness for both floor-feed and scatter-feed chicks coincided after 6-10 h feed withdrawal (p<0.05). pH for breast muscle at 45 min postmortem reduced when chicks of scatter-feed were fasted 6 and 10 h, while the reduction of floor-feed group occurred only in 10 h (P < 0.05). A noticeable effect of feed withdrawal on drop loss occurred after 10 h fasting in scatter-feed of which drop loss were significantly higher than that for other groups including control (p<0.05). The change of contamination propensity revealed that 6-10 h fasting significantly reduced the likelihood of carcass contamination under both floor-feed and scatter-feed (p<0.05). Net weights of intestinal contents for gizzard were significantly reduced after feed deprived of 10 h in floor-feed and 6 and10 h in scatter-feed (p<0.05). The decrease for whole intestine occurred after floor-feed broilers have been without feed for more than 4 h, scatter-feed broilers for more than 8 h (p<0.05). Conclusion: On the premise that poultry product properties and welfare were not significantly damaged, proper fasting time could reduce carcass contamination. Current data implied that 6 h fasting were recommendable for both floor and scatter feed pre-slaughter broilers.

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Plasma metabolomic profiling reveals potential onset of lay biomarkers in broiler breeders

et al. 2022

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Changes in the metabolic fingerprint of plasma during the onset of lay in broiler breeders were investigated. We used metabolomics to identify biomarkers of sexual maturity and to provide a comprehensive understanding of breeder metabolome during the pullet to hen transition period. A total of 36 pullets were used, in which 30 pullets were randomly assigned to one of 10 unique growth trajectories and 6 birds were assigned to an unrestricted group. The growth trajectories were designed using a 3-phase Gompertz growth model with 10 levels of BW gain in the prepubertal and pubertal growth phases ranging from the breeder-recommended target BW to 22.5% higher, in 2.5% increments. The BW trajectories were applied to each individual bird using a precision feeding ( PF ) system, which collected BW and feed intake data for each individual bird. The birds were classified based on age at first egg ( AFE ), and 12 pullets were chosen from the lower and upper AFE extremes (early and late onset of lay) at 18, 20, 22, 24, and 26 wk of age to run repeated blood plasma metabolomic assays. The metabolomic profile data were collected using a direct-injection liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and steroid assays. Univariate analysis identified 87 differential metabolites between the early- and late-onset of lay groups at 24 wk of age and 104 differential metabolites between the pullet and hen groups. Further investigation of differential metabolites showed 15 potential biomarkers for pullet to hen transition by analyzing the receiver operating characteristic ( ROC ) curve, mainly consisting of carnitine and choline metabolites. Differential metabolites during the pullet to hen transition were mainly associated with lipid, energy, and amino acid metabolism pathways, which gave clues to the physiological and metabolic shifts resulting from sexual maturation. At 24 wk of age, the main pathways involved in differentiation of the early- and late-onset of lay groups were related to lipid and amino acid metabolism. These metabolites could be involved in biosynthesis of egg yolk precursors in the liver.

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Effect of different feed restriction programs on the performance and reproductive traits of broiler breeders

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

The effect of alternative feeding strategies for broiler breeder pullets: 2. Welfare and performance during lay

The effect of alternative feeding strategies for broiler breeder pullets: 2. Welfare and performance during lay

Influence of pre-slaughter fasting time on weight loss, meat quality and carcass contamination in broilers

Plasma metabolomic profiling reveals potential onset of lay biomarkers in broiler breeders

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