Effect of Different Nitrogen Rates and Split Applications on Growth and Productivity of Wheat Cultivars

Khan, Gul Roz; Akmal, Mohammad; Ali, Nawab; Goher, Rabia; Anjum, Muhammad Mehran; Wahid, Fazli

doi:10.1007/s10343-022-00628-z

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Considering these results, it can be concluded that three N T6 splits were more beneficial for the wheat variety Sulaimani-2 under the most recent climate changes, which include a shift in precipitation distribution with a more frequent distribution during crop growth stages to reduce loss and boost wheat production. Similar outcomes were obtained by [38]. Splitting the N stimulates tillering without the increased risks of freeze damage, lodging, and disease.…”

Section: Table (3): the Effect Of Split Of Nitrogen Applications On R...supporting

confidence: 69%

Effect of cultivars and split application of nitrogen at the different growth stages on yield and its component of bread wheat (Triticum aes-tivum L.) under rain-fed conditions in Kurdistan, Iraq

Hassan

Noori

2023

JKAS

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To investigate the best N fertilizer application regime for the environment and the economy. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted for one year (2020–2021) under the rain-fed condition at two locations in the Sulaimani region; Qlyasan research field of the College of Agriculture Engineering University of Sulaimani and the Kanipanka research station in the Sharazoor valley to determine the effect of the application of 120 kg ha-1 N in four split doses (T6) at four growing stages, sowing, tillering, booting, and spiking, respectively. Were T1 (60 kg ha-1 N at sowing, 60 kg ha-1 N at tillering) used as a control, T2 (60 kg ha-1 N at sowing, 30 kg ha-1 N at tillering, 30 kg ha-1 N at booting), T3 (60 kg ha-1 N at sowing, 30 kg ha-1 N at tillering, 30 kg ha-1 N at spiking), T4 (60 kg ha-1 N at sowing, 20 kg ha-1 N at tillering, 20 kg ha-1 N booting, 20 kg ha-1 N at spiking), T5 (40 kg ha-1 N at sowing,30 kg ha-1 N at tillering, 30 kg ha-1 N at booting, 20 kg N ha-1 N at spiking) and T6 (40 kg ha-1 N at sowing, 40 kg ha-1 N at tillering, 40 kg ha-1 N at booting) and their effect on grain yield and it’s components of bread wheat cultivars (Adana-99, Hawler-4, and Sulaimani-2). A split plot arrangement within Randomimized Complete Block Design with three replicates was used. The possible comparison among the means was calculated following the Duncan test at a significant level of 0.05. As part of grain yield, no. of spikes m-2, no. of grains.spike, thousand-grain weight (g) (TGW), grain yield ton ha-1 (GY), biological yield ton ha-1 (BY), and Harvest Index (H.I) were all calculated. As the average of both locations of the results showed that the impact of Cultivars on agronomic traits was significant, Sulaimani-2 produced the maximum values for all characters, with the exception of (TGW) and (H.I), which were provided by Hawler-4. All the bread wheat characters were significantly influenced by the time of application of nitrogen, where T5 produced the maximum value for all characters with the exception no. of spike m-2, where T6 had the ultimate value. The no. of spikes m-2 had a significant effect on the T4, and T5 study characters. Based on what we've found, the best combination is Sulaimani-2 with T6 and T5 except in Qlyasan location with T6 only when rain is guaranteed. This increases both the yield and its components.

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Section: Table (3): the Effect Of Split Of Nitrogen Applications On R...supporting

confidence: 69%

Effect of cultivars and split application of nitrogen at the different growth stages on yield and its component of bread wheat (Triticum aes-tivum L.) under rain-fed conditions in Kurdistan, Iraq

Hassan

Noori

2023

JKAS

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“…It has been also reported that the optimum nitrogen rates and timing are important for improving the crop yield and the NUE [ 25 ]. A previous study reported that the grain yield increased linearly with the N rates up to 200 kg ha −1 with a split application of 50% at sowing time and 50% at tillering stage by increasing the nitrogen uptake and efficiency [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Winter Wheat Photosynthesis, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Yield by Optimizing Nitrogen Fertilization

Kubar

Alshallash

Asghar

et al. 2022

Life

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Wheat is the third most producing crop in China after maize and rice. In order to enhance the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and grain yield of winter wheat, a two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different nitrogen ratios and doses at various development stages of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). A total of five N doses (0, N75, N150, N225, and N300 kg ha−1) as main plots and two N ratios were applied in split doses (50%:50% and 60%:40%, referring to 50% at sowing time and 50% at jointing stage, 50% at sowing time + 50% at flowering stage, 50% at sowing time + 50% at grain filling stage, and 60% + 40% N ratio applied as a 60% at sowing time and 40% at jointing stage, 60% at sowing time and 40% at flowering stage, and 60% at sowing time and 40% at grain filling stage in subplots). The results of this study revealed that a nitrogen dose of 225 kg ha−1 significantly augmented the plant height by 27% and above ground biomass (ABG) by 24% at the grain filling stage, and the leaf area was enhanced by 149% at the flowering stage under 60 + 40% ratios. Furthermore, the N225 kg ha−1 significantly prompted the photosynthetic rate by 47% at the jointing and flowering stages followed by grain filling stage compared to the control. The correlation analysis exhibited the positive relationship between nitrogen uptake and nitrogen content, chlorophyll, and dry biomass, revealing that NUE enhanced and ultimately increased the winter wheat yield. In conclusion, our results depicted that optimizing the nitrogen dose (N225 kg/ha−1) with a 60% + 40% ratio at jointing stage increased the grain yield and nitrogen utilization rate.

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“…However, it is major source of food and feed for both humans and livestock. It is cultivated worldwide on 215 million hectares, producing 761.5 million tons of grain during 2020-21 [1][2][3]. Wheat is an important crop of Pakistan used for staple foods, meeting the nutritional requirement with higher calories and protein [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wheat is an important crop of Pakistan used for staple foods, meeting the nutritional requirement with higher calories and protein [4]. Pakistan grows annually 8.797 million ha to produce 27 million tons of wheat [2,5]. Nonetheless, the average yield is around 2.84 t ha −1 , which is very low when compared with other countries in Asia with a similar climate [2,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Split Nitrogen Application Rates for Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Yield and Grain N Using the CSM-CERES-Wheat Model

et al. 2022

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Crop simulation models can be effective tools to assist with optimization of resources for a particular agroecological zone. The goal of this study was to determine the influence of N rates with different timing of application to wheat crop using prominent varieties using the CSM-CERES-Wheat model of the decision support system for agrotechnology transfer (DSSAT). Data were focused for yield traits, i.e., number of tillers, number of grains, grain weight, grain yield, biomass, and grain N content. To test the applicability of the CSM-CERES-Wheat version 4.7.5 model for agroclimatic conditions of Peshawar, Pakistan, experimental data from two years of experiments (2016–17 and 2017–18) were used for model calibration and evaluation. The simulation results of two years agreed well with field measured data for three commercial varieties. The model efficiency (R2) for wheat varieties was above 0.94 for variables tiller number per unit area (m−2), number of grains (m−2) and number of grains (spike−1), 1000 grain weight (mg), biomass weight (kg ha−1), grain yield (kg ha−1), and harvest N content (kg ha−1). Statistics of cultivars indicated that yield traits, yield, and N can be simulated efficiently for agroecological conditions of Peshawar. Moreover, different N rates and application timings suggested that the application of 140 kg N ha−1 with triple splits timings, i.e., 25% at the sowing, 50% at the tillering, and 25% at the booting stage of the crop, resulted in the maximum yield and N recovery for different commercial wheat varieties. Simulated N losses, according to the model, were highly determined by leaching for experimental conditions where a single N application of 100% or existing double splits timing was applied. The study concluded that 140 kg N ha−1 is most appropriate for wheat crop grown on clay loam soils under a flood irrigation system. However, the N fertilizer has to be given in triple splits of a 1:2:1 ratio at the sowing, tillering, and booting stages of the crop growth.

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Effect of Different Nitrogen Rates and Split Applications on Growth and Productivity of Wheat Cultivars

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of cultivars and split application of nitrogen at the different growth stages on yield and its component of bread wheat (Triticum aes-tivum L.) under rain-fed conditions in Kurdistan, Iraq

Effect of cultivars and split application of nitrogen at the different growth stages on yield and its component of bread wheat (Triticum aes-tivum L.) under rain-fed conditions in Kurdistan, Iraq

Improving Winter Wheat Photosynthesis, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Yield by Optimizing Nitrogen Fertilization

Split Nitrogen Application Rates for Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Yield and Grain N Using the CSM-CERES-Wheat Model

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