Effect of different remineralizing agents on the initial carious lesions – A comparative study

Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to assess and compare the effectiveness of three different remineralizing agents (Tricalcium phosphate paste, Fluoride varnish, and Nano-hydroxyapatite gel) using the DIAGNOdent device. Material and Methods The present clinical study was carried out on 90 initial carious lesions detected by ICDAS caries diagnostic criteria and then take the baseline record by DIAGNOdent device. The selected initial carious lesions were randomly classified into three groups according to treatment modalities (30 lesions in each group) according to remineralizing agents: group A (TCP), group B (fluoride varnish) and group C (nano-hydroxyapatite gel). The remineralizing agents were applied for four minutes once weekly for four weeks. At the fifth week, the DIAGNOdent scores of initial carious lesions were recorded to evaluate the effect of remineralizing agents. A paired t-test was used to compare between baseline date and follow up of DIAGNOdent scores. A one-way ANOVA test was used to compare DIAGNOdent scores among the three groups. Post- Hoc Tukey test was used to determine the significant difference between every two groups. Results There were statistically significant differences among the three groups at follow up (p = 0.001). Within each group, there was a significant difference between baseline and follow up scores (p = 0.000 for the three groups). Multiple comparisons between every two groups showed a highly statistically significant difference at follow up records between nano-hydroxyapatite versus TCP and fluoride varnish on pit and fissure caries (p = 0.039 and p = 0.007 respectively) and the nano-hydroxyapatite was the best of them. Conclusion The present study concluded that the three remineralizing agents were effective in the treatment of initial carious lesion and the most effective remineralizing agent was nano-hydroxyapatite.

Enamel remineralisation-inducing materials for caries prevention

“…32,33 A clinical trial proved that n-HAP, fTCP and fluor varnish exhibited significant remineralising effects on early caries with n-HAP use having the best effect. 34 Another nanotechnology is nanosilver fluorine (NSF), which contains silver nanoparticles, chitosan and fluor. Dentifrice containing NSF has a bacteriostatic effect and exhibits a remineralising effect like NaF.…”

Dental Applications of Systems Based on Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles—An Evidence-Based Update

“…Another clinical study performed by Alhamed et al (2020) on 90 carious lesions (incipient phase) assessed and compared the effectiveness of three different remineralizing agents (Tricalcium phosphate paste, Fluoride varnish, and Nano-hydroxyapatite gel) using a DIAGNOdent device. The authors concluded that all three remineralizing agents were effective in the treatment of initial carious lesion, while the most effective remineralizing agent was nano-hydroxyapatite [91].…”

A Comparative Review of Material Properties for Current and Future Dental Filling Nanomaterials

“…Additional experiments were conducted to test the influences on tooth hardness and the remineralization effect using 3% nanosized sodium tri-metaphosphate infused toothpaste [58]. The remineralization effect pertains to the prevention of a caries progressing into a cavity, which is a later stage [59]. It was found that the addition of nanosized sodium tri-metaphosphate had significant influences on both tooth hardness and remineralization.…”