Effect of different times of administration of a single ethanol dose on insulin action, insulin secretion and redox state

Trojan, Nina; Pavan, Paola; Iori, Elisabetta; Vettore, Monica; Marescotti, Maria Cristina; Macdonald, I. A.; Tiengo, Antonio; Pacini, Giovanni; Avogaro, Angelo

doi:10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00060.x

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This action may explain our findings, because, during the IVGTT, their level drops to their nadir usually after 50-60 min from the bolus glucose administration (27). In normal subjects, the hyperglycemic action of Epi is enhanced by the simultaneous elevations of glucagon and cortisol (25); the former increases the magnitude, but not the duration, of the rise in hepatic glucose output induced by Epi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Epinephrine effects on insulin-glucose dynamics: the labeled IVGTT two-compartment minimal model approach

Vicini

Avogaro²,

Spilker

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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effects on insulin-glucose dynamics: the labeled IVGTT two-compartment minimal model approach. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 283: E78-E84, 2002; 10.1152/ajpendo. 00530.2001.-The hyperglycemic effects of epinephrine (Epi) are established; however, the modulation of Epi-stimulated endogenous glucose production (EGP) by glucose and insulin in vivo in humans is less clear. Our aim was to determine the effect of exogenously increased plasma Epi concentrations on insulin and glucose dynamics. In six normal control subjects, we used the labeled intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) interpreted with the two-compartment minimal model, which provides not only glucose effectiveness (S G 2* ), insulin sensitivity (S I 2* ), and plasma clearance rate (PCR) at basal state, but also the time course of EGP. Subjects were randomly studied during either saline or Epi infusion (1.5 g/min). Exogenous Epi infusion increased plasma Epi concentration to a mean value of 2,034 Ϯ 138 pmol/l. During the stable-label IVGTT, plasma glucose, tracer glucose, and insulin concentrations were significantly higher in the Epi study. The hormone caused a significant (P Ͻ 0.05) reduction in PCR in the Epi state when compared with the basal state. The administration of Epi has a striking effect on EGP profiles: the nadir of the EGP profiles occurs at 21 Ϯ 7 min in the basal state and at 55 Ϯ 13 min in the Epi state (P Ͻ 0.05). In conclusion, we have shown by use of a two-compartment minimal model of glucose kinetics that elevated plasma Epi concentrations have profound effects at both hepatic and tissue levels. In particular, at the liver site, this hormone deeply affects, in a time-dependent fashion, the inhibitory effect of insulin on glucose release. Our findings may explain how even a normal subject may have the propensity to develop glucose intolerance under the influence of small increments of Epi during physiological stress. insulin action; endogenous glucose production; glucose effectiveness THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM modulates glucose and fat metabolism through both direct neural effects and hormonal effects. In humans, epinephrine (Epi) stimulates lipolysis, ketogenesis, thermogenesis, and glycolysis and raises plasma glucose concentrations by stimulating both glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis (9). At the liver site, Epi increases hepatic glucose production either directly by stimulating glycogenolysis or indirectly by increasing gluconeogenesis, which is responsible for 60% of the overall increase in hepatic glucose production (19). These effects are exerted through both ␣-and ␤-adrenergic stimuli (20,21).Although the hyperglycemic effects of Epi on the liver are firmly established, less clear is the modulation of Epi-stimulated endogenous glucose production (EGP) by insulin in vivo in humans. In rat studies, it was shown that, when Epi is combined with insulin infusion, there is a 50% reduction in liver glycogen content with evidence for a transient activation of hepatic glucose output by Epi in the initial 60 min of its exposur...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Epinephrine effects on insulin-glucose dynamics: the labeled IVGTT two-compartment minimal model approach

Vicini

Avogaro²,

Spilker

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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“…It has been suggested that increased risk for diabetes in alcoholic individuals may be due to reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion [13]. However, Trojan et al [41] recently reported no difference in first-phase insulin secretion, nor in S I , in individuals given an acute dose of ethanol 50 min prior to an FSIGT compared to results of an FSIGT conducted under fasting conditions. In the present study, after adjustment for demographic variables, alcohol intake was not significantly associated with either AIR or DI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin secretion, obesity, and potential behavioral influences: results from the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS)

Mayer‐Davis

Levin

Bergman

et al. 2001

Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev.

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“…An alternative explanation is that red wine somehow directly reduced insulin sensitivity or interfered with glucose transport into tissues. This scenario seems unlikely, because hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp, and frequently-sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests showed no effect of ethanol on insulin sensitivity [11,12]. Therefore, although ingestion of red wine elicited a greater insulin response, as predicted, it is apparent that underlying insulin resistance rendered these participants unable to improve their glycemic control.…”

Section: Wine-induced Change In Gip Iauc (%)mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Despite abundant evidence that suggests alcoholic beverages, especially wine, may alter glucose metabolism in a way that enhances glycemic control, a physiological mechanism has not been elucidated. Because the preponderance of evidence indicates that insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues is unaffected by alcohol after both chronic and acute ingestion [8][9][10][11][12], an alternative mechanism of ethanol's affect may be an altered hormonal response to ingested glucose. Ethanol itself does not affect basal insulin release, but when given before a glucose challenge alcohol augments insulin secretion [10,[13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red wine enhances glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and insulin responses in type 2 diabetes during an oral glucose tolerance test

et al. 2015

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Background Ingestion of ethanol before a glucose challenge enhances the insulin response by an unknown mechanism. In addition, epidemiological studies consistently indicate that moderate alcohol consumption reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). The purposes of this study were to evaluate the potential involvement of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in alcohol-induced augmentation of the insulin response and to determine if red wine acutely improves glucose tolerance during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Methods Nine subjects (eight T2D and one pre-diabetes) completed two OGTT 30 min after consumption of 263 ml water or red wine (28 g ethanol). Blood samples were obtained for 3 h and analyzed for glucose, insulin, C-peptide, GIP, and GLP-1.Results Compared with water, consumption of red wine increased the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for insulin by 50 % (14,837 ± 4759 vs. 9885 ± 2686 lU/ ml 9 min; p \ 0.05) and for GIP by 25 % (7729 ± 1548 vs. 6191 ± 1049 pmol/l 9 min; p \ 0.05). Glucose and GLP-1 responses were not affected by red wine. Conclusion Wine consumption before an OGTT augments the insulin response, which may be partially driven by a greater GIP response. Because glucose levels were not reduced, acute wine consumption may not be effective treatment for enhancing glycemic control or may need to be combined with therapy that improves insulin sensitivity.

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Effect of different times of administration of a single ethanol dose on insulin action, insulin secretion and redox state

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Epinephrine effects on insulin-glucose dynamics: the labeled IVGTT two-compartment minimal model approach

Epinephrine effects on insulin-glucose dynamics: the labeled IVGTT two-compartment minimal model approach

Insulin secretion, obesity, and potential behavioral influences: results from the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS)

Red wine enhances glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and insulin responses in type 2 diabetes during an oral glucose tolerance test

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