Effect of Different Types of Strength Training on Swimming Performance in Competitive Swimmers: A Systematic Review

Fone, Line; Tillaar, Roland van den

doi:10.1186/s40798-022-00410-5

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The researchers attribute this to the fact that the physical therapy used and the flexibility and strength exercises that were used rehabilitated the working muscles of Monofin. which agrees with (Fone & van den Tillaar, 2022;Hermosilla et al, 2021;Karpiński et al, 2020) In that the regular physiotherapy based on scientific foundations is a quick and inexpensive solution to recover from injuries and ensure that the injury does not develop and get rid of pain, and its effect is more noticeable more quickly on large muscles .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The effect of rehabilitation exercises according to the bio-kinematic analysis of the subtalar joint after recovery from fibrosis resulting from a non-healing fracture in monofin swimming.

Saleh

Al-Imari²

2022

Journal of Applied Sports Science

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This research aims to prepare rehabilitation exercises according to the bio-kinematic analysis of the subtalar joint during the performance of monofin swimming to recovery from fibrosis of the ankle joint resulting from an unhealed fracture in monofin swimming. The study concluded that the Ultrasound and Shockwave sessions, in addition to Stretching for the two legs, are among the most important, inexpensive and effective ways to help the joint return to its natural state, and as a result, the joint returned to its normal position and regained its ability to perform its normal functional tasks efficiently.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The effect of rehabilitation exercises according to the bio-kinematic analysis of the subtalar joint after recovery from fibrosis resulting from a non-healing fracture in monofin swimming.

Saleh

Al-Imari²

2022

Journal of Applied Sports Science

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“…Previous works have been performed to solve controversy by systematically aggregating the literature related to strength and conditioning practices in WSA [ 52 , 53 , 67 , 68 ]. However, most of these reviews did not consider including a meta-analysis, or addressed a restricted population (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Plyometric Jump Training on Measures of Physical Fitness and Sport-Specific Performance of Water Sports Athletes: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Background A growing body of literature is available regarding the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on measures of physical fitness (PF) and sport-specific performance (SSP) in-water sports athletes (WSA, i.e. those competing in sports that are practiced on [e.g. rowing] or in [e.g. swimming; water polo] water). Indeed, incoherent findings have been observed across individual studies making it difficult to provide the scientific community and coaches with consistent evidence. As such, a comprehensive systematic literature search should be conducted to clarify the existent evidence, identify the major gaps in the literature, and offer recommendations for future studies. Aim To examine the effects of PJT compared with active/specific-active controls on the PF (one-repetition maximum back squat strength, squat jump height, countermovement jump height, horizontal jump distance, body mass, fat mass, thigh girth) and SSP (in-water vertical jump, in-water agility, time trial) outcomes in WSA, through a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized controlled studies. Methods The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to January 2022. According to the PICOS approach, the eligibility criteria were: (population) healthy WSA; (intervention) PJT interventions involving unilateral and/or bilateral jumps, and a minimal duration of ≥ 3 weeks; (comparator) active (i.e. standard sports training) or specific-active (i.e. alternative training intervention) control group(s); (outcome) at least one measure of PF (e.g. jump height) and/or SSP (e.g. time trial) before and after training; and (study design) multi-groups randomized and non-randomized controlled trials. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. The DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used to compute the meta-analyses, reporting effect sizes (ES, i.e. Hedges’ g) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Certainty or confidence in the body of evidence for each outcome was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE), considering its five dimensions: risk of bias in studies, indirectness, inconsistency, imprecision, and risk of publication bias. Results A total of 11,028 studies were identified with 26 considered eligible for inclusion. The median PEDro score across the included studies was 5.5 (moderate-to-high methodological quality). The included studies involved a total of 618 WSA of both sexes (330 participants in the intervention groups [31 groups] and 288 participants in the control groups [26 groups]), aged between 10 and 26 years, and from different sports disciplines such as swimming, triathlon, rowing, artistic swimming, and water polo. The duration of the training programmes in the intervention and control groups ranged from 4 to 36 weeks. The results of the meta-analysis indicated no effects of PJT compared to control conditions (including specific-active controls) for in-water vertical jump or agility (ES = − 0.15 to 0.03; p = 0.477 to 0.899), or for body mass, fat mass, and thigh girth (ES = 0.06 to 0.15; p = 0.452 to 0.841). In terms of measures of PF, moderate-to-large effects were noted in favour of the PJT groups compared to the control groups (including specific-active control groups) for one-repetition maximum back squat strength, horizontal jump distance, squat jump height, and countermovement jump height (ES = 0.67 to 1.47; p = 0.041 to < 0.001), in addition to a small effect noted in favour of the PJT for SSP time-trial speed (ES = 0.42; p = 0.005). Certainty of evidence across the included studies varied from very low-to-moderate. Conclusions PJT is more effective to improve measures of PF and SSP in WSA compared to control conditions involving traditional sport-specific training as well as alternative training interventions (e.g. resistance training). It is worth noting that the present findings are derived from 26 studies of moderate-to-high methodological quality, low-to-moderate impact of heterogeneity, and very low-to-moderate certainty of evidence based on GRADE. Trial registration The protocol for this systematic review with meta-analysis was published in the Open Science platform (OSF) on January 23, 2022, under the registration doi https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NWHS3 (internet archive link: https://archive.org/details/osf-registrations-nwhs3-v1).

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“…Moreover, specific in-water resistance training interventions were found to have a positive impact on performance (Girold et al, 2006;Girold et al, 2007;Ikeda, et al, 2018). Regarding the effects of training on swimming performance, Fone and Tillaar (Fone and van den Tillaar, 2022) suggested that a combined swimming and strength training regimen improved swimming performance more than a swim-only approach to training.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between dry-land upper-limb power and underwater stroke power using medicine ball overhead slam as a predictor of swimming speed by upper limbs only

Ikeda

Nara

Baba

et al. 2022

sci. j. sport perform.

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The relationship between power output underwater and on land was investigated by evaluation of underwater power output by the back and upper limbs. Thirteen male competitive swimmers performed the one underwater arm stroke (OUAS) trial, medicine ball overhead slam (MBOS) trial, and lat pull-down test as a predictor of back and upper-limb strength and power underwater and on land. The maximum horizontal velocity of the greater trochanter in OUAS correlated with all vertical velocities of the MB at release in MBOS (r = 0.544 – 0.777), with 5 repetition maximums in the lat pull-down test (r = 0.555 – 0.729), and with FINA points (r = 0.783). In the OUAS trial, increases in horizontal velocity from the start of the OUAS to the maximum horizontal velocity correlated with horizontal velocity at the start of trial, and high-level swimmers accelerated their body in a manner that was dependent on horizontal velocity at the start of the OUAS. These results suggest that underwater power output using only the upper limbs is closely associated with power and strength in dry-land exercise, and that back and upper-limb power and strength are crucial physical elements for competitive swimmers.

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Effect of Different Types of Strength Training on Swimming Performance in Competitive Swimmers: A Systematic Review

Cited by 22 publications

References 47 publications

The effect of rehabilitation exercises according to the bio-kinematic analysis of the subtalar joint after recovery from fibrosis resulting from a non-healing fracture in monofin swimming.

The effect of rehabilitation exercises according to the bio-kinematic analysis of the subtalar joint after recovery from fibrosis resulting from a non-healing fracture in monofin swimming.

Effects of Plyometric Jump Training on Measures of Physical Fitness and Sport-Specific Performance of Water Sports Athletes: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Relationship between dry-land upper-limb power and underwater stroke power using medicine ball overhead slam as a predictor of swimming speed by upper limbs only

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