Effect of Dodine Acetate on the Electrophoretic Mobility of Neurospora crassa Conidia

Somers, E.; Fisher, David J.

doi:10.1099/00221287-48-1-147

Cited by 20 publications

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“…Hendre Huffcap). Protoplasts were prepared from young hyphae of Alternaria tenuis and Neurospora crassa wild type Em 5297a, and from conidia of B. fabae by incubation with Helix pomatia digestive-juice extract (Somers & Fisher, 1967). The final protoplast suspension was washed and stabilized in 0.58 bf-sucrose maintained at pH 5.6 with sodium acetate buffer (I:0*05).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cell walls were obtained by shaking dense spore suspensions at 4" with ballotini (No. 12) in a Mickle disintegrator (Somers & Fisher, 1967). The centrifuged cell walls, which retained the shape of intact conidia, were washed 10 times with 10% (w/v) sucrose, 5 times with 0.9 % (w/v) NaCl and 5 times with water following the technique of Dyke (1964).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrophoretic mobilities of conidia, cell walls and protoplasts were measured by a modification of the technique previously described (Somers & Fisher, 1967). The laterally mounted rectangular cell was enclosed in a water bath maintained at 25.0 & 0.2".…”

Section: Electrophoretic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Electrokinetic Properties of Some Fungal Spores

Fisher

Richmond

1969

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYThe electrophoretic mobilities of conidia of Alternaria tenuis, Botrytis fabae, Penicillium expansum, Erysiphe graminis, Podosphaera leucotricha and Venturia inaequalis, basidiospores of Stereum purpureum, sporangia and encysted zoospores of Phytophthora infestans were determined in solution at various pH values. The spores all had characteristic and distinct pHmobility curves. The zero mobility of P. infestans sporangia over the range pH 2 to 11 is consistent with a cellulose surface free from ionizable groups. The mobility of basidiospores of S. purpureum depended entirely on the presence of carboxyl groups. Chemical and enzymic treatments showed both amino and carboxyl groups on A . tenuis and B. fabae; phosphate was present in addition onP. expansum. The amino groups of e-lysine, histidine and leucine contributed to the surface charge of B. fabae; amino acids and tyrosine were detected on A. tenuis. The surface of P. expansum was proteinfree and the amino groups present were probably derived from a glucosamine or galactosamine polymer. Washed cell walls and intact conidia of B. fabae were electrophoretically similar but cell walls of P. expansum, unlike normal conidia, were phosphate-free. Mycelial 'protoplasts ' of A. tenuis and Neurospora crassa and conidial 'protoplasts ' of B. fabae had pH-mobility curves characteristic of a protein surface. investigated in detail the elecktrokinetic properties of conidia, protoplasts and cell walls of Neurospora crassa. The latter workers found amino, carboxyl and phosphate groups to be present on the spore surface, but phosphate groups were absent from washed spore walls. The cationic surface-active fungicide dodine (n-dodecylguanidine acetate) decreased the negative charge on conidia to zero and with increasing concentration gave a positive charge to the spores. The negative charge on cell walls and 'protoplasts ' was neutralized at lower fungicide concentrations.The present work is part of an investigation into the reaction between fungicides and the components of the fungal spore surface. The electrokinetic properties of spores from the following species have been studied to determine the nature of the ionizable surface groups : conidia of Alternaria tenuis Nees, Botrytis fabae Sardiiia, Penicillium expansum Link em. Thom, Erysiphe graminis DC. ex MCrat, Podosphaera leucotricha (Ellis & Everh.) Salm., Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) Wint. ; basidiospores of Stereum 4-2

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Electrokinetic Properties of Some Fungal Spores

Fisher

Richmond

1969

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…The electrophoretic mobility of organisms at different pH values was measured using a Cytopherometer (Zeiss, Oberkochen, West Germany) and a modification of the method of Somers & Fisher (1967). Movement was timed over 80 pm in both directions (current reversal).…”

Section: Analysis Of Wallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Wall Phosphomannan in Flocculation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Jayatissa

Rose

1976

Journal of General Microbiology

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S U M M A R YTreatment with 60 yo hydrofluoric acid (HF) removed most of the phosphorus and small amounts of mannan, glucan and protein from walls of two nonflocculent strains ( N C Y C~~~ and NCYCI004) and two flocculent strains (NCYCIOOS and NCYC I 063) of Saccharornyces cerevisiae. Organisms of all strains showed increased flocculating ability following H F treatment. Flocculation of untreated organisms of NCYCIOOS and N C Y C I O~~, and of HF-treated organisms of all four strains, declined appreciably when they were washed in deionized water, with or without EDTA, and the flocculation was measured in deionized water instead of in 0.05 M-sodium acetate containing Ca2 +. Treatment with I ,a-epoxypropane also caused a decrease in the flocculating ability of these organisms. Extracting the lipids from organisms of strains N C Y C~~~ and N C Y C I O O~ had no effect on their flocculating ability, but decreased the flocculating ability of organisms of strains NCYCIOO5 and N C Y C I O~~. pH-electrophoretic mobility curves of untreated and HF-treated organisms confirmed the loss of wall phosphate by H F treatment, and indicated that HF treatment had little effect on the content of protein carboxyl groups in the outer wall layers. Mannose at 0 . 2 2~ completely prevented floc formation by organisms of strain N C Y C I O~~ ; but, even at 0.33 M, it had very little effect on floc formation by HF-treated organisms of strains ~c u c 3 6 6 and ~c u c r o 6 3 . Organisms of all four strains bound fluorescein-conjugated concanavalin A to the same extent after treatment with HF as before, but this treatment led to a greatly diminished binding of fluorescein-conjugated antiserum raised against organisms of strain N C Y C~~~. The results indicate that phosphodiester linkages in yeast-wall mannan are not involved in bridge formation through Ca2 + during floc formation and that this arises principally through carboxyl groups.

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“…Although surface phosphate groups have been detected on yeast cells (Eddy & Rudin, 1958) and Neurospora crassa conidia (Somers & Fisher, 1967) as well as on P. expansum conidia (Fisher & Richmond, 1969), the exact nature of the phosphate was not specified. Rothstein & Meier (1951) have, however, suggested that uranyl ions may react with polyphosphate-like groups on the yeast surface, and Harold (1962) has shown that cytoplasmic polyphosphate can bind to hyphal walls of N .…”

Section: Nature Of the Rodlet Layer Hess Et Al (1968)mentioning

confidence: 99%