Effect of Dose and Timing of Burdock (Arctium lappa) Root Intake on Intestinal Microbiota of Mice

Watanabe, Aya; Sasaki, Hiroyuki; Miyakawa, Hiroki; Nakayama, Yuki; Lyu, Yijin; Shibata, Shigenobu

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8020220

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In vivo it was established that the relative count of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased in an A. lappa group of mice compared with cellulose and commercial inulin groups. At the same time, a slight increase in the Staphylococcus concentration was detected in the inulin group compared with the A. lappa and cellulose groups [ 50 ]. However, as indicated in the study above with extracts, and even more so with plant flour, the effect on microorganisms may affect not only prebiotics but also growth inhibitors (for example, phenolic compounds).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Synbiotic Composition of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Fructans from Arctium lappa Roots and Helianthus tuberosus Tubers against Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2021

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A number of mechanisms have been proposed explaining probiotics and prebiotics benefit human health, in particular, probiotics have a suppression effect on pathogen growth that can be enhanced with the introduction of prebiotics. In vitro models enhanced with computational biology can be useful for selecting a composition with prebiotics from new plant sources with the greatest synergism. Water extracts from burdock root and Jerusalem artichoke tubers were purified by ultrafiltration and activated charcoal and concentrated on a rotary evaporator. Fructans were precipitated with various concentrations of ethanol. Bifidobacterium bifidum 8 VKPM AC−2136 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 strains were applied to estimate the synbiotic effect. The growth of bifidobacteria and staphylococci in monocultures and cocultures in broths with glucose, commercial prebiotics, as well as isolated fructans were studied. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of lactic and acetic acids for the Staphylococcus strain were determined. A quantitative model joining the formation of organic acids by probiotics as antagonism factors and the MICs of pathogens (as the measure of their inhibition) was tested in cocultures and showed a high predictive value (R2 ≥ 0.86). The synbiotic factor obtained from the model was calculated based on the experimental data and obtained constants. Fructans precipitated with 20% ethanol and Bifidobacterium bifidum have the greater synergism against Staphylococcus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Synbiotic Composition of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Fructans from Arctium lappa Roots and Helianthus tuberosus Tubers against Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2021

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“…16S rDNA obtained from the fecal extraction was analyzed by Illumina sequencing according to the 16S Metagenomic Sequencing Library Preparation (15044223 B) protocol. The experimental method of 16S rDNA sequencing was described by Watanabe et al (2020) . The DNA library was sequenced using MiSeq Reagent Kit V3 (Illumina Inc.) in the MiSeq platform according to the manufacturer’s instructions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg TCR β CDR3 Repertoire Based on the Differences of Symbiotic Microorganisms in the Gut of Mice

Xue

Ma³

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Gut microbes play a crucial role in the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases. The diversity of intestinal microorganisms affected by the living environment, regulate the immune function of peripheral immune organs and local tissues. In the study, the diversity of intestinal microorganisms of Germ-free (GF), Specific Pathogen-free (SPF), and Clean (CL) BALB/c mice were conducted by 16S rDNA sequencing. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to analysis the composition and characterization of TCR β chain CDR3 repertoires in Regulatory T cells (Treg) in intestine and spleen of GF, SPF, and CL mice, so as to investigate the effects of differential composition of intestinal microorganisms on the CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg TCR β CDR3 repertoire of intestine and spleen. We observed that GF, SPF, and CL mice have different gut microorganism composition, and the abundance and quantity of microorganisms are positively correlated with the level of feeding environment. Interestingly, incomplete structure of spleen and small intestine in GF mice was found. Moreover, a significant difference in the usage of high frequency unique CDR3 amino acid sequences was detected in the intestinal Treg TCRβ CDR3 repertoire among GF, SPF and CL mice, and there were a greater heterogeneity in the usage frequency of TRBV, TRBJ , and TRBV-TRBJ combinations gene segments. However, the effect of different feeding environment on the mice Treg TCRβ CDR3 repertoire of spleen was weak, implying that the different composition of intestinal microbiota may primarily affect the diversity of the local Treg TCRβ CDR3 repertoire and does not alter the overall properties of the circulating immune system. These results provide basic data to further analyze the mechanism of gut microbes regulating the intestinal mucosal immune system.

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“…Cecal SCFA concentrations were calculated as µmol/mg of dry cecal weight. This procedure of quantitative SCFA and lactic acid analysis was established in our papers [37,38,40].…”

Section: Measuring the Scfa And Lactic Acid Levels In The Cecummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, the study on effective nutrient intake timing in relation to the biological circadian rhythm is called chrononutrition. Previous studies have shown the importance of chronopharmacology and chrononutrition [36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Combined Effects of Magnesium Oxide and Inulin on Intestinal Microbiota and Cecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids

et al. 2021

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Constipation is a common condition that occurs in many people worldwide. While magnesium oxide (MgO) is often used as the first-line drug for chronic constipation in Japan, dietary fiber intake is also recommended. Dietary fiber is fermented by microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs are involved in regulating systemic physiological functions and circadian rhythm. We examined the effect of combining MgO and the water-soluble dietary fiber, inulin, on cecal SCFA concentration and microbiota in mice. We also examined the MgO administration timing effect on cecal SCFAs. The cecal SCFA concentrations were measured by gas chromatography, and the microbiota was determined using next-generation sequencing. Inulin intake decreased cecal pH and increased cecal SCFA concentrations while combining MgO increased the cecal pH lowered by inulin and decreased the cecal SCFA concentrations elevated by inulin. When inulin and MgO were combined, significant changes in the microbiota composition were observed compared with inulin alone. The MgO effect on the cecal acetic acid concentration was less when administered at ZT12 than at ZT0. In conclusion, this study suggests that MgO affects cecal SCFA and microbiota during inulin feeding, and the effect on acetic acid concentration is time-dependent.

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Effect of Dose and Timing of Burdock (Arctium lappa) Root Intake on Intestinal Microbiota of Mice

Cited by 22 publications

References 57 publications

A Study on the Synbiotic Composition of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Fructans from Arctium lappa Roots and Helianthus tuberosus Tubers against Staphylococcus aureus

A Study on the Synbiotic Composition of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Fructans from Arctium lappa Roots and Helianthus tuberosus Tubers against Staphylococcus aureus

Heterogeneity of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg TCR β CDR3 Repertoire Based on the Differences of Symbiotic Microorganisms in the Gut of Mice

The Combined Effects of Magnesium Oxide and Inulin on Intestinal Microbiota and Cecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids

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