Effect of dry- versus wet-autoclaving of spray-dried egg albumen compared with casein as protein sources on apparent nitrogen and energy balance, plasma urea nitrogen and glucose concentrations, and growth performance of neonatal swine1

Abstract

Forty crossbred neonatal pigs with an average initial age of 4 d and BW of 2.16 kg were used in a 28-d experiment to evaluate the nutritional effects of autoclaving a commercial sugar-free, spray-dried egg albumen (EA) compared with casein. Basal diet protein sources were lactic acid casein and EA. Two more dietary treatments were made by replacing the EA with dry-autoclaved EA (DAEA) or wet-autoclaved EA (WAEA, EA and water mixed in a 1.0:1.2 ratio before autoclaving). The DAEA and WAEA were autoclaved at 121 degrees C and 1.75 kg/cm(2) pressure for 30 min, and WAEA was oven-dried after autoclaving. Analyzed trypsin inhibitor units/mg of EA, DAEA, and WAEA were 535.0, 9.0, and 6.5, respectively. Pigs were fed the diets in gruel form to appetite in individual metabolism cages every 2 h during the experiment. Blood samples were taken on d 7, 14, and 21, and total urine and fecal grab-samples were collected from d 14 to 21 of the experiment. Response criteria were N and energy balance, plasma urea N (PUN) and glucose concentrations, and growth performance. The WAEA was a higher quality protein source for neonatal pigs than DAEA. Pigs fed the diet containing WAEA absorbed and retained more (P < 0.05) grams of N/d, had higher (P < 0.05) percentages of N and energy that were absorbed and retained/intake, had lower (P < 0.05) concentrations of PUN overall, and had higher (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F than pigs fed the diet containing DAEA. Most response criteria of pigs fed the diets containing DAEA or EA were not different, although pigs fed the diet containing DAEA had lower (P < 0.05) overall PUN concentrations, and pigs fed the diet containing EA had higher (P < 0.05) percentages of energy absorbed and retained/intake, and higher ADG and G:F than pigs fed the diet containing DAEA. Growth performance was not different for pigs fed the diets containing WAEA or casein. However, pigs fed the diet containing casein excreted less (P < 0.05) fecal N, retained more (P < 0/05) grams of N/d, had higher percentages of N absorbed and retained/intake, and had lower (P < 0.05) PUN concentrations overall than pigs fed the diet containing WAEA. In conclusion, WAEA was a higher quality protein source for neonatal pigs than DAEA or EA, whereas lactic casein was a higher quality protein source for neonatal pigs than EA, DAEA, or WAEA.

Ileal amino acid digestibility in egg from hyperimmunized-hens fed to weaned pigs and piglet response to diets contain egg products

“…The concentration of avidin in egg albumen is high and is known to reduce intestinal biotin absorption (GyÖrgy and Rose, 1941). For this reason, all diets were supplemented with 2000 g of biotin/kg to prevent any possibility of a biotin deficiency (Watkins and Veum, 2010). This was about 25 times the biotin requirement for young pigs according to NRC (1998).…”

Methane digester effluent from swine excreta as a nutrient and water source for growing and finishing swine1

“…Also, the PUN concentrations were greater for pigs fed the diets containing SMDE, which was the result of the nonprotein N from SMDE in those diets (Eggum, 1970;Brown and Cline, 1974;Kohn et al, 2005). The PUN concentrations of the growing and finishing swine in the current experiments are within the range of the PUN concentrations for young swine fed diets that differed in protein quality (Edmonds and Baker, 1987;Watkins and Veum, 2010).…”