Effect of Drying on the Volatile Oil Yield of Patchouli

Ambrose, Dawn C.P.; Annamalai, S. J. K.; Naik, Ravindra

doi:10.17485/ijst/2013/v6i12.2

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ramya et al reviewed several drying studies and mentioned that oven drying at 30–50 °C during half a day gives a similar oil yield as shade drying during 54 hr . This was confirmed in another study where percentages of 2.46, 2.60 and 2.40% were reported for mechanical drying at 40 and 45 °C and shade drying during 45 hrs respectively . Oyen cited a source stating that drying at temperatures over 40 °C resulted in 80% loss of oil .…”

Section: Influence Of Fertilisation Harvesting Time Drying Fermentmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…The average oil percentage in “dried” P. cablin leaves as reported in 72 references was calculated as 2.6% (ranges: 0.54 – 5.2%) . However in view of the discussion below, this figure is not precise as it is dependent on the exact plant material used (cultivar, age, soil and growth conditions), percentage of stems as well as foreign materials (soil, other plant species like weeds), drying and/or fermentation, storage, final percentage of water and the distillation technique, conditions and duration.…”

Section: Influence Of Fertilisation Harvesting Time Drying Fermentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The essential oil of patchouli,Pogostemon cablin: A review

Beek

Joulain²

2017

Flavour & Fragrance J

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The leaves of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. (Lamiaceae) are the source of patchouli essential oil, which is -with an annual production of about 1300 tonnes -an important and unique commodity in the fragrance industry. All the literature pertaining to patchouli was critically reviewed with an emphasis on the qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis of the oil but also harvesting, fermentation, drying, distillation, used analytical techniques, sensory aspects including molecules responsible for the odour, adulteration and toxicological aspects, i.e., skin sensitisation, are discussed. In total 72 constituents have been convincingly identified in the oil and another 58 tentatively. The main constituent is the sesquiterpene patchoulol. For this review over 600 papers were consulted and in the supplementary information all patchouli-related references not relevant enough to be cited in the paper itself are listed. 6 It has been stated that "this oil is one of the most important materials available to the perfumer." 7 Approximately 90% of today's global production of 1200-1300 metric tonnes per annum is realised in Indonesia. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

show abstract

Section: Influence Of Fertilisation Harvesting Time Drying Fermentmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Influence Of Fertilisation Harvesting Time Drying Fermentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The essential oil of patchouli,Pogostemon cablin: A review

Beek

Joulain²

2017

Flavour & Fragrance J

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…is a plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. It is frequently used for essential oils products [ 13 , 14 ]. The plant is mainly cultivated in Southeast Asia and is commercially used in perfumes and aromatherapy [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is frequently used for essential oils products [ 13 , 14 ]. The plant is mainly cultivated in Southeast Asia and is commercially used in perfumes and aromatherapy [ 14 , 15 ]. Patchouli essential oil (PEO) recently received much attention due to its diverse bioactivity including anti-inflammatory effects, antiviral activities, antioxidant effects, wound healing, and inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhalation of Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.) Essential Oil Improved Metabolic Parameters in Obesity-Induced Sprague Dawley Rats

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated effects of patchouli essential oil (PEO) inhalation on metabolic parameters. First, to characterize aromatic compounds in PEO, solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometric detection was employed in which 19 aromatic compounds were identified. In GC-olfactometry analysis, linalool, α-patchoulene, and β-patchoulene were found to be the constituents exhibiting the highest similarity to the aromatic compounds in patchouli. In an animal experiment using Sprague Darley rats, groups with PEO inhalation had a reduced food intake compared to the control group. Additionally, body weight was lower in the obesity-induced animal model exposed to PEO inhalation than the group without PEO. However, we found no significant difference in organ weights between groups. In our serum analysis, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly higher in the PEO inhalation groups, while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol content was highest in the positive control group, suggesting that inhalation of the aromatic compounds present in patchouli may improve cholesterol profile. In addition, leptin levels were reduced in the groups treated with PEO inhalation, which explains the differences in food intake and body weight gains. Last, animal groups exposed to PEO inhalation showed a relatively lower systolic blood pressure which suggests that inhalation of PEO (or aromatic compounds therein) may assist in regulating blood pressure. Collectively, our data demonstrate that the inhalation of PEO influenced certain markers related to metabolic diseases, hence provide basic data for future research as to preventive/therapeutic applications of PEO as well as their aromatic constituents.

show abstract

“…Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin) is another aromatic crop with significant demand for the oil in perfumery and the food industry for alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. It is also reported to have applications in Chinese medicines as an anti-depressant, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, aphrodisiac, astringent, carminative, diuretic, febrifuge, fungicide, insecticide, sedative, and tonic [3]. Besides these, Mint is one of the most popular and commercially exploited aromatic plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Drying Process on Quality of Essential Oils and in F and F Industry

Thorat¹

Proceedings of the 22nd International Drying Symposium on Drying Technology - IDS '22

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drying aromatic herbs is crucial for preserving biomass and retaining the aroma profile of essential oils (EOs). Commercially, enormous quantities of biomass are shade dried prior to EOs extraction, which could significantly affect volatiles' yields and composition profile. Therefore, it is recommended to deploy low-temperature drying (30-50 °C) to retain volatiles and its various components. This paper aims to assimilate, compile, and analyse the technoeconomic feasibility of drying followed by supercritical fluid extraction process of some economically important leafy aromatic plants of India and south-east Asia that are key to 'flavor and fragrance industries' of the world. It could be inferred from the analysis that appropriate drying technology could significantly reduce process quantity (50% reduction of mass compared to traditional shade dried mass) of raw material.Additionally, proper dehydration would also lead to perennial availability of the raw material for off-season processing. Moreover, the techno-economic feasibility analysis of supercritical fluid extraction of dehydrated betel leaves estimates a payback period of less than three years. The cost of drying is expected to be beneficial in the overall scheme of the plant economics that includes various other unit operations including supercritical extraction, sizing equipment and so on.Further analysis suggests that contract farming arrangement, simple yet detailed, and beneficial to both parties, could help establish small processing plants to farmers providing them a new crop alternative. Fixed buyback and performance payment contracts were defined to showcase stable incomes for the farmer by a combination of technology, service, and access to the market.

show abstract

Effect of Drying on the Volatile Oil Yield of Patchouli

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

The essential oil of patchouli,Pogostemon cablin: A review

The essential oil of patchouli,Pogostemon cablin: A review

Inhalation of Patchouli (Pogostemon Cablin Benth.) Essential Oil Improved Metabolic Parameters in Obesity-Induced Sprague Dawley Rats

Role of Drying Process on Quality of Essential Oils and in F and F Industry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About