Effect of Early Feeding on Intestinal Permeability and Inflammation Markers in Infants with Genetic Susceptibility to Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Siljander, Heli; Jason, Eeva; Ruohtula, Terhi; Selvenius, Jenni; Koivusaari, Katariina; Salonen, Minna K.; Ahonen, Suvi; Honkanen, Jarno; Ilonen, Jorma; Vaarala, Outi; Virtanen, Suvi Μ.; Lähdeaho, Marja–Leena; Knip, Mikael

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.07.042

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Details of the 14 major birth cohorts are provided in online supplemental figure 2 and online supplemental table 2 , which summarizes the commencement date, cohort size, countries of recruitment and eligibility criteria. Only one established cohort, the EDIA intervention trial based in Finland, 49 commenced recruitment in pregnancy, but followed only a small number of mothers and offspring (n=87). 80% of live born children in ENDIA were followed from pregnancy (n=1178) with two-thirds recruited before the third trimester.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) longitudinal prospective pregnancy to childhood cohort study of Australian children at risk of type 1 diabetes: parental demographics and birth information

Thomson,

Oakey,

Haynes

et al. 2024

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionThe Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) Study is an ongoing Australian prospective cohort study investigating how modifiable prenatal and early-life exposures drive the development of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children. In this profile, we describe the cohort’s parental demographics, maternal and neonatal outcomes and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes.Research design and methodsInclusion criteria were an unborn child, or infant aged less than 6 months, with a first-degree relative (FDR) with T1D. The primary outcome was persistent islet autoimmunity, with children followed until a T1D diagnosis or 10 years of age. Demographic data were collected at enrollment. Lifestyle, clinical and anthropometric data were collected at each visit during pregnancy and clinical pregnancy and birth data were verified against medical case notes. Data were compared between mothers with and without T1D. HLA genotyping was performed on the ENDIA child and all available FDRs.ResultsThe final cohort comprised 1473 infants born to 1214 gestational mothers across 1453 pregnancies, with 80% enrolled during pregnancy. The distribution of familial T1D probands was 62% maternal, 28% paternal and 11% sibling. The frequency of high-risk HLA genotypes was highest in T1D probands, followed by ENDIA infants, and lowest among unaffected family members. Mothers with T1D had higher rates of pregnancy complications and perinatal intervention, and larger babies of shorter gestation. Parent demographics were comparable to the Australian population for age, parity and obesity. A greater percentage of ENDIA parents were Australian born, lived in a major city and had higher socioeconomic advantage and education.ConclusionsThis comprehensive profile provides the context for understanding ENDIA’s scope, methodology, unique strengths and limitations. Now fully recruited, ENDIA will provide unique insights into the roles of early-life factors in the development of islet autoimmunity and T1D in the Australian environment.Trial registration numberACTRN12613000794707.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) longitudinal prospective pregnancy to childhood cohort study of Australian children at risk of type 1 diabetes: parental demographics and birth information

Thomson,

Oakey,

Haynes

et al. 2024

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Urine was collected for 5 hours. The concentrations of lactulose and mannitol were measured with enzymatic methods (28). The lactulose/mannitol ratio was calculated as the percentage of lactulose excreted in 5 hours/percentage of mannitol excreted in 5 hours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They visited the study center at the age of 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The study protocol has been reported previously in detail (28). During the 12 first months of life, 3 (4%) participants developed islet autoimmunity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant Feeding, Gut Permeability, and Gut Inflammation Markers

Koivusaari

Niinistö

Nevalainen

et al. 2023

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology &Amp; Nutrition

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: Increased gut permeability and gut inflammation have been linked to the development of type 1 diabetes. Little is known on whether and how intake of different foods is linked to these mechanisms in infancy. We investigated whether the amount of breast milk and intake of other foods are associated with gut inflammation marker concentrations and permeability. Methods: Seventy-three infants were followed from birth to 12 months of age. Their diet was assessed with structured questionnaires and 3-day weighed food records at the age of 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Gut permeability was assessed with the lactulose/mannitol test and fecal calprotectin and human β-defensin-2 (HBD-2) concentrations were analyzed from stool samples at the age of 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. The associations between foods and gut inflammation marker concentrations and permeability were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Results: Gut permeability and gut inflammation marker concentrations decreased during the first year of life. Intake of hydrolyzed infant formula (P = 0.003) and intake of fruits and juices (P = 0.001) were associated with lower intestinal permeability. Intake of fruits and juices (P < 0.001), vegetables (P < 0.001), and oats (P = 0.003) were associated with lower concentrations of HBD-2. Higher intake of breast milk was associated with higher fecal calprotectin concentrations (P < 0.001), while intake of fruits and juices (P < 0.001), vegetables (P < 0.001), and potatoes (P = 0.007) were associated with lower calprotectin concentrations. Conclusions: Higher intake of breast milk may contribute to higher calprotectin concentration, whereas several complementary foods may decrease gut permeability and concentrations of calprotectin and HBD-2 in infant gut.

show abstract

“…Child growth (weight and length) and intestinal function, including lactulose mannitol (LM) ratio, fecal calprotectin, and fecal β-defensin levels, were also measured at given time points. The study design was recently reported ( 25 ). Selected characteristics of the study subjects are shown in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Extensively Hydrolyzed Infant Formula on Circulating Lipids During Early Life

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundCurrent evidence suggests that the composition of infant formula (IF) affects the gut microbiome, intestinal function, and immune responses during infancy. However, the impact of IF on circulating lipid profiles in infants is still poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to (1) investigate how extensively hydrolyzed IF impacts serum lipidome compared to conventional formula and (2) to associate changes in circulatory lipids with gastrointestinal biomarkers including intestinal permeability.MethodsIn a randomized, double-blind controlled nutritional intervention study (n = 73), we applied mass spectrometry-based lipidomics to analyze serum lipids in infants who were fed extensively hydrolyzed formula (HF) or conventional, regular formula (RF). Serum samples were collected at 3, 9, and 12 months of age. Child’s growth (weight and length) and intestinal functional markers, including lactulose mannitol (LM) ratio, fecal calprotectin, and fecal beta-defensin, were also measured at given time points. At 3 months of age, stool samples were analyzed by shotgun metagenomics.ResultsConcentrations of sphingomyelins were higher in the HF group as compared to the RF group. Triacylglycerols (TGs) containing saturated and monounsaturated fatty acyl chains were found in higher levels in the HF group at 3 months, but downregulated at 9 and 12 months of age. LM ratio was lower in the HF group at 9 months of age. In the RF group, the LM ratio was positively associated with ether-linked lipids. Such an association was, however, not observed in the HF group.ConclusionOur study suggests that HF intervention changes the circulating lipidome, including those lipids previously found to be associated with progression to islet autoimmunity or overt T1D.Clinical Trial Registration[Clinicaltrials.gov], identifier [NCT01735123].

show abstract

Effect of Early Feeding on Intestinal Permeability and Inflammation Markers in Infants with Genetic Susceptibility to Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) longitudinal prospective pregnancy to childhood cohort study of Australian children at risk of type 1 diabetes: parental demographics and birth information

Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) longitudinal prospective pregnancy to childhood cohort study of Australian children at risk of type 1 diabetes: parental demographics and birth information

Infant Feeding, Gut Permeability, and Gut Inflammation Markers

Impact of Extensively Hydrolyzed Infant Formula on Circulating Lipids During Early Life

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About