Effect of EGR dilution on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with n-pentanol and 2-ethylhexyl nitrate additive

Pan, Mingzhang; Huang, Rong Fung; Liao, Jinyang; Ouyang, Tiancheng; Zheng, Zeyuan; Lv, Delin; Huang, Haozhong

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2018.09.035

Cited by 76 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…To obtain the distributed information of Ce, Zr, and K elements in the Ce 5 Zr 2 K 2 /rGO catalysts, the EDX elemental mapping is shown in Figure 3. The catalysts presented a uniform and orderly element distribution, and elements Ce, Zr, K, C, and O were highly dispersed on the catalysts [19]. It can be further verified in TEM images that the rGO carrier was loaded with well-dispersed spherical metal oxide nanoparticles.…”

Section: Characterization Studiesmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…There were no obvious characteristic diffraction peaks observed for graphene-related phases. The complete exfoliation of graphene in the hybrid was achieved as a result of efficiently avoiding the restacking of the graphene [19]. Meanwhile, no other obvious diffractions were found in Zr-related and K-related phases, indicating that the Zr-related and K-related phases were non-crystalline states or presented as a part of CeO2-ZrO2-K2O solid solution.…”

Section: Characterization Studiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Due to the negatively charged nature of graphene and positively charged nature of the metal cation, the combination between rGO and metal oxide particles can be easily achieved by electrostatic interaction, which is conducive to the uniform dispersion of metal oxide particles on rGO [16]. Some researchers have pointed out that graphene-based materials can stabilize active sites and inhibit surface migration of metal nanoparticles, guaranteeing high catalytic stability even under severe operating conditions [17][18][19]. Therefore, the usage of graphene as the matrix of catalysts is a feasible strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Evaluation on the Catalytic Activity of a Novel CeZrK/rGO Nanocomposite for Soot Oxidation in Catalyzed Diesel Particulate Filter

Tang

et al. 2021

Processes

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A nanostructured solid solution catalyst CeZrK/rGO for soot oxidation in catalyzed diesel particulate filter was synthesized using the dipping method. The reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was used as the catalyst carrier, and CeO2, ZrO2, and K2O were mixed with the molar ratio of 5:1:1, 5:2:2 and 5:3:3, which were referred to as Ce5Zr1K1/rGO, Ce5Zr2K2/rGO, and Ce5Zr3K3/rGO, respectively. The structure, morphology and catalytic activity of the CeZrK/rGO nanocomposites were thoroughly investigated and the results show that the CeZrK/rGO nanocomposites have nanoscale pore structure (36.1–36.9 nm), high-dispersion quality, large specific surface area (117.2–152.4 m2/g), small crystallite size (6.7–8.3 nm), abundant oxygen vacancies and superior redox capacity. The 50% soot conversion temperatures of Ce5Zr1K1/rGO, Ce5Zr2K2/rGO, and Ce5Zr3K3/rGO under tight contact condition were decreased to 352 °C, 339 °C and 358 °C respectively. The high catalytic activity of CeZrK/rGO nanocomposites can be ascribed to the following factors: the doping of Zr and K ions causes the nanocrystalline phase formation in CeZrK solid solutions, reduces the crystallite size, generates abundant oxygen vacancies and improves redox capacity; the rGO as a carrier provides a large specific surface area, thereby improving the contact between soot and catalyst.

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Section: Characterization Studiesmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Characterization Studiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Evaluation on the Catalytic Activity of a Novel CeZrK/rGO Nanocomposite for Soot Oxidation in Catalyzed Diesel Particulate Filter

Tang

et al. 2021

Processes

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“…The pentanol/diesel blends coupled with EGR technology could simultaneously reduce NOx and soot emissions from the CI engine. Further, when a CN improver, 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN), was added to the D50P50 blend, ignition delay was shortened, BTE increased, and HC and CO emissions were remarkably decreased (Pan et al, 2018). For D50P50, as the engine load increased, CO, HC, and NOx emissions decreased, while soot emission increased (Pan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Characteristics Parameter Ordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Pentanol as Biofuels in Compression Ignition Engines

2020

Front. Mech. Eng.

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Of several higher alcohols such as pentanol, hexanol, octanol, decanol, dodecanol, phytol, and fusel oil, pentanol isomers have recently received remarkable attention as alternative fuels for diesel engines because they emit less greenhouse gases and harmful pollutants. Because of great potential as a blending component and physicochemical properties of pentanol, binary blends such as diesel/pentanol and biodiesel/pentanol and ternary blends such as diesel/biodiesel/pentanol were mainly studied in the conventional diesel engine. Quaternary blends of diesel, biodiesel, straight vegetable oil, and pentanol were also investigated. Very few information related to the application of pentanol to advanced compression ignition (CI) engine is available in the literature. The diesel/pentanol blends coupled with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technology could simultaneously reduce NOx and soot emissions from CI engine. Further, diesel/pentanol blends generally produced higher CO and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions than did diesel fuel. However, CO and HC emissions were significantly reduced by mixing the cetane improver with the blends. Up to 45-50% n-pentanol/diesel blends can be safely used in diesel engines without any engine modification or any additive. However, in terms of kinematic viscosity, lubricity, and oxidation stability of diesel/pentanol blends, the use of pentanol should be limited to concentrations below 10%. Generally, in the studies of biodiesel/pentanol blends in CI engines, the reduction of CO, HC, NOx, and smoke emissions was observed compared to neat biodiesel. For ternary blends, diesel/biodiesel/pentanol blends were mainly investigated by the researchers. The emission characteristics in terms of CO, HC, NOx, and smoke opacity showed the different trends according to the pentanol proportion in the ternary blends, particularly <10% or more than 10%. To increase the biofuels in the CI engine, more studies for the quaternary blends of pentanol are required.

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“…This conclusion is also supported by Liu et al, who reported that cetane number is major factor for soot reduction and is more important than oxygen in fuels and other properties 14 . 2-Ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) is a cetane number improver that can reduce NOx and soot emissions simultaneously when added to oxygenated fuel-diesel blends, without changing other fuel properties 15,16 . With EHN addition, DMF still significantly reduces soot emissions.…”

Section: 5-dimethylfuran (Dmf) Is a Type Of Attractive Sustainable mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing fuel properties effects of 2,5-dimethylfuran on microscopic and macroscopic characteristics of oxygenated fuel/diesel blends spray

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Abstract2,5-Dimethylfuran (DMF) is a type of attractive sustainable green energy for diesel engines that is designed to reduce soot emission. This study investigated the effect of fuel properties on the macroscopic and microscopic spray characteristics of four test blends under injection pressures of 90, 120 and 150 MPa and ambient pressure of 5 MPa in a common diesel rail injection system. The macroscopic results indicate that with higher density, lower viscosity and lower latent heating of DMF20, the spray tip penetration and spray area are increased and the average spray angle is slightly increased. Interestingly, the effect of latent heating on the average spray angle is more obvious than that of kinematic viscosity. The microscopic results suggest that higher density, lower viscosity and lower latent heating of DMF20 have an adverse effect on the breakup of small droplets. The results of comparative analysis show that the change rules of the spray parameters remain nearly unchanged with increased injection pressure, and the influence of DMF20 properties produces a different change in different spray parameters with increasing injection pressure. The meaningful conclusion is that the properties of DMF are favourable to improvement of the spray and atomization parameters under high injection pressure.

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Effect of EGR dilution on combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with n-pentanol and 2-ethylhexyl nitrate additive

Cited by 76 publications

References 59 publications

Experimental Evaluation on the Catalytic Activity of a Novel CeZrK/rGO Nanocomposite for Soot Oxidation in Catalyzed Diesel Particulate Filter

Experimental Evaluation on the Catalytic Activity of a Novel CeZrK/rGO Nanocomposite for Soot Oxidation in Catalyzed Diesel Particulate Filter

Utilization of Pentanol as Biofuels in Compression Ignition Engines

Assessing fuel properties effects of 2,5-dimethylfuran on microscopic and macroscopic characteristics of oxygenated fuel/diesel blends spray

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