Effect of electric field on spray deposited CdTe thin films

Abstract

CdTe thin films have been deposited using spray pyrolysis with and without electric field. The improvement in the film properties with the electric field is observed which is mainly due to the reduction of droplet size. The presence of CdTeO peaks in the X-ray diffraction pattern for films deposited without electric field at 350 8C is attributed to the slow dissociation of complexes containing Cd and Te ions on the substrate. The reduction in the droplet size under the influence of electric field and faster dissociation of droplets at high temperature leads to complete pyrolytic reaction for a nearly oxide free CdTe film formation. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis indicates stoichiometric Cd and Te atomic concentrations, with oxygen and chlorine impurities in varying amount for different substrate temperatures, with and without electric field. The presence of chlorine gives rise to an intense photoluminescence peak at 1.40 eV along with a weak peak at 0.84 eV. The intensities of both peaks diminish when the films are prepared with the electric field, due to reduction of chlorine concentration and morphological changes in the films.

Effect of electric field on the spray deposited poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) layer and its use in organic solar cell

“…1 and was described in detail in an earlier publication. 22 desired solution and the carrier gas (nitrogen) are brought inside the spray chamber to the nozzle through connecting tubes. The optimized deposition parameters used in the experiments are: Substrate temperature 120 C, solution flow rate 0.33 cc/min and nozzle to substrate distance 20 cm.…”

“…The increase in the droplet surface area can lead to an increased rate of evaporation which may also help in giving the better surface morphology in the film. 22 In this paper the effect of electric field, created with different voltages (0 V, 300 V, 500 V, 700 V) applied to the nozzle, on the spray deposited PEDOT: PSS film is demonstrated. In comparison to other methods (e.g., electric field assisted spin coating and electro spray), the range of applied voltage in the technique is quite low.…”

Effect of annealing on properties of electrochemically deposited CdTe thin films

“…The electrical and optoelectronic properties of electrochemically deposited CdTe thin films as well as [20] structural and morphological properties of CdTe have been reported by numbers of investigators [21,22]. Krishna et al [23] have studied the effect of electric field on spray deposited CdTe thin films. Photoelectrochemical characterization of CdTe in Nafion electrolyte is reported by Pantoja et al [24].…”

Electric-field-induced self-assembled one-dimensional nanostructures in CdX and HgX (X=Se, Te) thin films

“…Nitrogen is used as a carrier gas. Deposition has been done without and with application of an external voltage (300 V-3 kV) between the nozzle and a metal electrode placed 2 mm below the nozzle [24]. Structural and morphological studies of the films have been done using RIGAKU Giegerflex-D X-ray diffractometer and Philips CM 12 transmission electron microscopy.…”