Effect of electroslag remelting on the non-metallic inclusions in H11 tool steel

Burja, Jaka; Tehovnik, Franc; Godec, Matjaž; Medved, Jožef; Podgornik, Bojan; Barbič, R.

doi:10.2298/jmmb160623053b

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…All the experimental points are shown in Fig. 6 [36] and the calculated values by the present model We predicted the contour lines of carbide capacity in CaO-SiO 2 -MnO system at 1773K, according to equations (1)(2)(3)(4). As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Cao-sio 2 -Mno Ternary Systemmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…2. Combined with the above equations (1)(2)(3)(4), the contour lines of carbide capacity in CaO-SiO 2 -CaF 2 system at 1773K were predicted, as shown in Fig. 2.…”

Section: Cao-sio 2 -Caf 2 Ternary Systemmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The key to the production of special steels or superalloys lies in the removal of impurities in the molten metal [1,2]. The existence of carbon in steels causes brittle fractures of steel in extreme conditions, which need to be removed through the refining process [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of carbide capacity in CaO-based ternary systems at 1773k for refining process

Leng

Wang

et al. 2020

J min metall B Metall

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Refining slags is widely used in the production of high-value-added alloys and special steels. The removal of impurities depends on the mass transfer between the slag-metal interface, and the carbide capacity of the refining slags is crucial to control the carbon content in the final products. A phenomenological model is introduced in this article for the calculation of carbide capacity of different CaO-based ternary refining slags. The contour lines of carbide capacity in CaO-Al 2 O 3 -CaF 2 , CaO-SiO 2 -CaF 2 CaO-SiO 2 -MnO systems are calculated based on limited experimental data by the present model. The experimental data within the calculation boundary are compared with the predicted values and satisfactory agreements are observed with the mean deviation being 1.4%, 2.3%, and 1.6%, for these three systems respectively. The present model is powerful and flexible in the calculation of carbide capacity of CaO-based ternary refining slags and can be applied to other systems. Jo u rn al of Min in g a n d Met allu rg y, S ect ion B: Met a llu rgyhttps://doi.org/10.2298/JMMB190110054Y

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Section: Cao-sio 2 -Mno Ternary Systemmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…2. Combined with the above equations (1)(2)(3)(4), the contour lines of carbide capacity in CaO-SiO 2 -CaF 2 system at 1773K were predicted, as shown in Fig. 2.…”

Section: Cao-sio 2 -Caf 2 Ternary Systemmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Evaluation of carbide capacity in CaO-based ternary systems at 1773k for refining process

Leng

Wang

et al. 2020

J min metall B Metall

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“…Friedman method [33], a most widely used method for non-crystallization kinetics analysis during cooling process, was employed to estimate the effective activation energy for crystallization of the slag. The equation of Friedman method is expressed as follows: (1) where α is crystallization fraction, t, T α and E c(α) are the crystallization time, the crystallization temperature and the effective activation energy for crystallization at a given crystallization fraction α, respectively. The crystallization fraction α and its corresponding temperature T α can be evaluated from the DSC thermal data, as shown in Figure 10.…”

Section: Effective Activation Energy For Crystallization Of the Slagmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electroslag remelting (ESR) allows a good control of the cleanliness and solidification structure of the ingot [1]. Slag plays an important role in the ESR process, including generating Joule heat for melting electrode, removing harmful elements and non-metallic inclusions, etc [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of CaF2 substitution with TiO2 on the crystallization characteristics of low-fluoride slag for electroslag remelting

2019

J min metall B Metall

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The effect of CaF 2 substitution with TiO 2 on the crystallization characteristics of low-fluoride slag was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) combined with XRD and SEM-EDS analysis. The effective activation energy for crystallization of the slag was evaluated. The results showed that the liquidus temperature of the slag increased unnoticeably with increasing TiO 2 content. Increasing TiO 2 addition from 4.3 wt% to 13.0 wt% decreased the undercooling of the slag and enhanced the crystallization ability of the slag. There is no change in the types and precipitation sequence of the crystalline phase in the slag with different TiO 2 contents during continuous cooling. The crystalline phases were Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 F 2 , CaTiO 3 , MgO, and CaF 2. The first and second crystallization phase were Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 F 2 and CaTiO 3 , respectively. The dominant crystalline phase was faceted Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 F 2 crystals. The morphology of CaTiO 3 crystal changed from needle-like to blocky with increasing TiO 2 content. The MgO crystal was with little blocky morphology, and the needlelike CaF 2 distributed among CaTiO 3 crystal. The precipitated amount of both MgO and CaF 2 was very small. The effective activation energy for Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 F 2 formation decreased with increasing TiO 2 content in the slag, indicating that TiO 2 enhanced the crystallization tendency of the slag.

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Evolution of Nonmetallic Inclusions during the Electroslag Remelting Process

Wen

Ren

Zhang

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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The evolution of inclusions during the electroslag remelting (ESR) process, especially the inclusions in droplets is investigated by an industrial trial which remelts a plain carbon steel billet in the slag of CaF2–Al2O3–CaO–MgO. Results show that oxide inclusions change from SiO2–MnO to Al2O3–MnO during the ESR process. The transfer of aluminum from the slag to the steel increases the aluminum content in the steel and causes the reaction between (MnO), (SiO2) in inclusions with the [Al] in the steel to generate (Al2O3) inclusions. Thermodynamic results show that inclusion evolution is mainly influenced by the temperature and the total Al content in the steel. With the increase in temperature at the electrode tip, the MnO content in inclusions increases rapidly. Meanwhile, as the aluminum transfers from the slag to the steel, the Al2O3 inclusion increases clearly with the corresponding decrease in MnO and SiO2 inclusions. In addition, from the electrode to the ingot, the number density of inclusions decreases from 208.82 to 33.49 # mm−2, whereas the average size increases from 3.79 to 5.76 μm. Both the chemical modification and the physical absorption of slag mainly occur at the liquid film and droplet stage.

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Effect of electroslag remelting on the non-metallic inclusions in H11 tool steel

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Evaluation of carbide capacity in CaO-based ternary systems at 1773k for refining process

Evaluation of carbide capacity in CaO-based ternary systems at 1773k for refining process

Effect of CaF2 substitution with TiO2 on the crystallization characteristics of low-fluoride slag for electroslag remelting

Evolution of Nonmetallic Inclusions during the Electroslag Remelting Process

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