Effect of enucleation of the corpus luteum at different stages of the luteal phase of the human menstrual cycle on subsequent follicular development

Baird, D. T.; Bäckström, T.; McNeilly, A. S.; Smith, S. K.; Wathen, C G

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0700615

Cited by 43 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The luteal-phase FSH suppression is attributable to secretion of inhibin and oestradiol by the corpus luteum (Baird et al 1975, Reddi et al 1990). Thus, regression or experimental removal of the corpus luteum is followed by the development of follicles (Baird et al 1984). The hypothesis that at least part of the circulating oestradiol during the luteal phase originates from major and minor anovulatory follicular waves was not supported in the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Systemic concentrations of hormones during the development of follicular waves in mares and women: a comparative study

Ginther¹,

Beg²,

Gastal³

et al. 2005

Reproduction

122

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Changes in systemic concentrations of FSH, LH, oestradiol and progesterone during the ovulatory follicular wave were compared between 30 mares and 30 women. Based on a previous study, the emergence of the future ovulatory follicle was defined as occurring at 13.0 mm in mares and 6.0 mm in women, and deviation in diameter between the two largest follicles was expected to begin at 22.7 mm in mares and 10.3 mm in women. Mean FSH concentrations were high in mares during the luteal phase, resulting from statistically identified FSH surges occurring in individuals on different days and in different numbers (mean, 1.5 6 0.2 surges/mare); the internadir interval was 3.9 6 0.3 days. In contrast, mean FSH in women was low during the luteal phase and increased to a prolonged elevation during the follicular phase. The prolonged elevation was apparent in each individual (internadir interval, 15.2 6 0.4 days). Changes in LH or oestradiol concentrations encompassing deviation were not detected in mares, but both hormones increased slightly but significantly between emergence and deviation in women. The hypothesis that a greater number of growing follicles causes a greater predeviation decrease in FSH was supported for mares (r, 2 0.39; P < 0.04), but a similar negative correlation (r, 20.36) was not significant in women. The hypothesis that the increase in oestradiol during the luteal phase in women was at least partly attributable to luteal-phase anovulatory follicular waves was not supported. Normalization of FSH concentrations to the day of emergence showed maximum value on the day of emergence with a significant increase and decrease on each side of emergence in both species. The day of expected deviation occurred 3 days after emergence during the decline in FSH in both species. These results indicated that the previously reported striking similarities in emergence and deviation between mares and women during the ovulatory follicular wave are associated with species similarities in the temporal relationships between follicle events and FSH concentration changes. Thus, mares may be useful research models for studying the role and mechanism of the action of FSH in emergence and deviation during the ovulatory follicular wave in women.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Systemic concentrations of hormones during the development of follicular waves in mares and women: a comparative study

Ginther¹,

Beg²,

Gastal³

et al. 2005

Reproduction

122

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“…Laparoscopy of one animal 10 days post-treatment confirmed the disappearance of the injected follicle and the appearance of another large antral follicle on the contralateral ovary. The hormonal patterns and emergence of another single ovulatory follicle within 12-14 days (i.e., the normal interval of the follicular phase) are remarkably similar to those observed in monkeys and women after ablation of the dominant structure (preovulatory follicle or corpus luteum) or removal of the ovary bearing the dominant structure during natural menstrual cycles [41][42][43][44]. The current data suggest that ANGPT2 treatment is comparable to physically removing the preovulatory follicle, thereby eliminating the dominant structure on the ovary and resetting the ovarian cycle to allow the selection and maturation of the next dominant follicle with timely ovulation and luteinization 2 wk later.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Local Delivery of Angiopoietin-2 into the Preovulatory Follicle Terminates the Menstrual Cycle in Rhesus Monkeys1

Xu¹,

Stouffer²

2005

Biology of Reproduction

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The angiopoietin (ANGPT)-receptor (TEK) system plays a crucial role in blood vessel formation and stability. Because the endogenous agonist ANGPT1, antagonist ANGPT2, and TEK are expressed in the primate ovary, experiments were designed to investigate their role at a critical time during tissue remodeling/ angiogenesis in the menstrual cycle (i.e., at midcycle during maturation, ovulation, and luteinization of the dominant follicle). Either vehicle, 20 microg of ANGPT1, 2 microg of ANGPT2 (low-dose), or 20 microg of ANGPT2 (high-dose) was injected directly into the preovulatory follicle of monkeys around the day (-1 to 0) of the midcycle estradiol (E2)/LH peak. Ovaries were evaluated on Day 3 postinjection for follicle rupture, and serum samples were analyzed for levels of E2 and progesterone. Similar to controls, ANGPT1 treatment was followed by ovulation, and elevated progesterone levels during the luteal phase. In contrast, high-dose ANGPT2 treatment prevented follicle rupture, and progesterone levels never rose above baseline in the subsequent 12 days. However, an E2 peak typically occurred 12 days postinjection. Laparoscopy detected a preovulatory follicle on the contralateral (noninjected) ovary. Progesterone levels subsequently increased above baseline in these animals. Thus, exogenous ANGPT2 disrupted maturation of the preovulatory follicle, preventing its ovulation and conversion into the corpus luteum. ANGPT antagonism eliminated the dominant structure, thereby resetting the ovarian cycle, with selection and maturation of the next preovulatory follicle occurring in a timely manner. The data are consistent with a critical role of the ANGPT-TIE1/TEK system in the ovary, notably at the late stages of follicle maturation during the menstrual cycle.

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“…As in Old World monkeys and women [Baird et al, 1984;Zeleznik & Pohl, 2006], the vervet corpus luteum appears to suppress antral follicle development Ovarian Function in Vervet Monkeys / 897 and ''dominate'' ovarian activity since: (a) no large antral follicles were apparent in the ovaries during the luteal phase, and (b) premature regression of the corpus luteum (by LH depletion, see below) did not result in rapid follicular maturation-the ensuing follicular phase culminating in the next estradiol/LH peak was comparable or perhaps slightly longer than following timely luteal regression in a natural cycle. The general histology of the developing corpus luteum, including the apparent distinction and compartmentalization of the luteal cells in the parenchyma and paraluteal cells around the highly vascularized tissue is consistent with that in the corpus luteum of macaques [Corner et al, 1945] and women [Corner, 1956].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and regulation of the ovarian cycle in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops)

Molskness

Hess

Maginnis

et al. 2007

American J Primatol

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This study was designed to evaluate the timecourse of ovarian and pituitary endocrine events throughout the menstrual cycle in the vervet monkey, and whether circulating luteinizing hormone (LH) or the uterus regulates the functional lifespan of the vervet corpus luteum. Daily saphenous blood samples were collected from adult females (1) during spontaneous menstrual cycles (n = 7), and (2) during cycles in which a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (acyline) was administered for 3 days at midluteal phase (n = 3), and (3) for 30 days following recovery from hysterectomy (n = 4). Estradiol (E) and progesterone (P) levels were assayed using electrochemoluminescent assays. Gonadotropin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay using reagents developed for the assay of follicle-stimulating hormone and LH in macaques. Spontaneous cycles exhibited a midcycle E rise (476+/-49 pg/ml), engendering an LH surge, 12+/-1 days after onset of menses, followed by a luteal phase with peak P levels of 4.7+/-0.9 ng/ml. Histologic evaluation of the ovaries at late follicular phase or early luteal phase revealed the presence of a single, large Graafian follicle or developing corpus luteum, respectively. Acyline treatment caused a significant (P<0.05) decline in P levels (2.9+/-0.5 vs 0.5+/-0.3 ng/ml, 0 vs 48 h post-treatment) and premature menstruation compared with untreated controls (P<0.05). Hysterectomy had no apparent effect on the monthly pattern or levels of circulating E or P. Thus, the characteristics and regulation of the ovarian cycle in vervets appear similar to those in women and macaques, with cyclicity dependent on pituitary gonadotropin hormones and independent of a uterine luteolytic factor.

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Effect of enucleation of the corpus luteum at different stages of the luteal phase of the human menstrual cycle on subsequent follicular development

Cited by 43 publications

References 29 publications

Systemic concentrations of hormones during the development of follicular waves in mares and women: a comparative study

Systemic concentrations of hormones during the development of follicular waves in mares and women: a comparative study

Local Delivery of Angiopoietin-2 into the Preovulatory Follicle Terminates the Menstrual Cycle in Rhesus Monkeys1

Characteristics and regulation of the ovarian cycle in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops)

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