Effect of Er:YAG laser on enamel acid resistance: Morphlogical and atomic spectrometry analysis

Cecchini, R.C.M.; Zezéll, Denise Maria; Oliveira, Elisabeth de; Freitas, Patrícia Moreira de; Eduardo, Carlos

doi:10.1002/lsm.20247

Cited by 86 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…15 On the other hand, an increase in enamel acid resistance associated with Er:YAG laser irradiation of smooth surfaces has been suggested by several authors. 10,11,13 The results from a previous study 17 pointed out that the used subablative energy density did not promote an increase in the acid resistance of the occlusal enamel surface. In contrast, evident enamel morphological changes were found by SEM evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It has been reported [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] that Er:YAG laser irradiation induces morphological changes in the enamel that include the formation of rough surfaces, cracks, and craters, which seem to be more prone to bacterial accumulation. Such morphological changes create favorable conditions for the development of carious lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, in hard-tissue procedures, the water vapor production induces an increase of the internal pressure within the tissue, resulting in an explosive expansion called a ''microexplosion'' 2,3 that produces changes in the morphology of the enamel, [4][5][6][7][8] including undesirable effects that have been described as craters and cracks. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Furthermore, the results in the available literature regarding subablative Er:YAG laser irradiation as a method to increase enamel acid resistance for caries prevention have been contradictory. 15,16 One previous study evaluated enamel morphological changes and acid resistance after subablative Er:YAG laser irradiation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Structural Changes on Human Dental Enamel After Er:YAG Laser Irradiation: AFM, SEM, and EDS Evaluation

Rodríguez‐Vilchis

Contreras‐Bulnes

Olea-Mejía

et al. 2011

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate, using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), the morphological and structural changes of the enamel after irradiation with the Er:YAG laser. Background data: A previous study showed that subablative Er:YAG laser irradiation produced undesirable morphological changes on the enamel surface, such as craters and cracks; however, the enamel acid resistance was not increased. Methods: Fifty-two samples of human enamel were divided into four groups (n ¼ 13): Group I was the control (no laser irradiation), whereas Groups II, III, and IV were irradiated with the Er:YAG 100 mJ (12.7 J /cm 2 ), 100 mJ (7.5 J/cm 2 ), and 150 mJ (11 J/cm 2 ), respectively, at 10 Hz with water spray. The morphological changes were observed by AFM and SEM. The weight percentages (wt%) of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), oxygen (O) and chlorine (Cl) were determined in the resultant craters and their periphery using EDS. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed ( p 0.05) to distinguish significant differences among the groups. Results: The AFM images showed cracks with depths between 250 nm and 750 nm for Groups II and IV, respectively, and the widths of these cracks were 5.37 mm and 2.58 mm. The interior of the cracks showed a rough surface. The SEM micrographs revealed morphological changes. Significant differences were detected in Ca, P, and Cl in the crater and its periphery. Conclusions: AFM observations showed triangular-shaped cracks, whereas craters and cracks were evident by SEM in all irradiated samples. It was not possible to establish a characteristic chemical pattern in the craters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Structural Changes on Human Dental Enamel After Er:YAG Laser Irradiation: AFM, SEM, and EDS Evaluation

Rodríguez‐Vilchis

Contreras‐Bulnes

Olea-Mejía

et al. 2011

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

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“…1,25 The heat produced during laser irradiation leads to vaporization, oxidation of organic components, transformation of acid phosphate to pyrophosphate, and reduction of carbonate content. 3,4,25,26 These changes result in the formation of more stable and less soluble components, which might increase the resistance of irradiated substrate against demineralization. 3 The blocking of intra and inter spaces of enamel due to heating of the organic matrix has also been suggested as a possible mechanism for caries prevention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Morphological Changes in Human Dentin after Ablative and Subablative Er:YAG Laser Irradiation

2016

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Introduction: This study investigated the influence of Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) laser on microhardness, chemical composition and subsurface morphology of dentin cavity walls. Methods: Forty sound human premolars were selected and randomly assigned into four groups. Class V cavities were prepared either with an Er:YAG laser (groups 1 and 2; 15 Hz, 250 mJ for enamel, 10 Hz, 200 mJ for dentin) or with a high speed handpiece (groups 3 and 4). The specimens in groups 1 and 3 served as the control, whereas those in groups 2 and 4 were exposed to subablative laser irradiation following cavity preparation (10 Hz, 50 mJ). After bisecting the specimens, one half was subjected to microhardness assessment and the other half was evaluated by SEM-EDS analysis. Results: Microhardness was significantly greater in the specimens prepared by both ablative and subablative laser irradiation (group 2) than that of the bur-prepared cavities (groups 3 and 4) (P < 0.05). The quantity of calcium ion was significantly greater in cavities prepared by the Er:YAG laser (groups 1 and 2) compared to that of the bur cavities (groups 3 and 4) (P < 0.05). Subablative irradiation improved microhardness and weight percentage of calcium ion in both laser and bur cavities, but the difference was not significant compared to that of the relevant control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Cavity preparation with an Er:YAG laser could be considered as an alternative to the conventional method of drilling, as it enhances the mechanical and compositional properties of lased dentin, especially when combined by subablative irradiation.

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“…Several advantages have been related to the use of laser irradiation in operative dentistry compared to conventional rotary instruments, such as a more conservative cavity design (2), antibacterial activity (3), decrease of enamel solubility (prevention of recurrent caries) (4), and mainly laser use provides more comfort to the patient due to the absence of vibration and a lower pain sensation with consequent decrease for local anesthesia compared to the use of conventional rotary instruments. A limitation of the laser use is the long time required for cavity preparation, generally, twice than with rotary instruments (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Metalloproteinase Inhibitors on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Er:YAG Laser-Irradiated Dentin

et al. 2016

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This study evaluated the effect of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors -2% (CHX) and sodium fluoride (NaF) (5000 ppm) -on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of composite resin to Er:YAG laser-irradiated dentin after chemical degradation of the bond interface. The occlusal surface of forty sound human molars was removed exposing the dentin surface (n=10), which was polished, irradiated with Er:YAG laser, acid etched and dried. Twenty specimens were rewetted with 2% CHX (control group) and 20 were rewetted with NaF (5000 ppm). The adhesive system was applied and a 4-mm-high plateau of light-cured composite resin was built up. Resin-dentin sticks were obtained with a rectangular cross-sectional area (0.8-1 mm 2 ) and were either stored in water at 37 °C for 24 h or submitted to chemical degradation. For chemical degradation, they were immersed in 10% NaOCl aqueous solution for 5 h and rinsed in water for 1 h. The sticks were submitted to microtensile test in a mechanical testing machine at 0.5 mm/min until failure. Fracture pattern was analyzed using SEM. μTBS values were calculated in MPa and submitted to analysis of variance ANOVA (α=0.05). The variance analysis showed that the 'MMP inhibitor ' and 'degradation' factors (p=0.214 and p=0.093, respectively) and interaction between the factors were not statistically significant (p=0.143). Mixed failure predominated in all groups. In conclusion, the 2% CHX and NaF 5000 ppm presented similar μTBS of composite resin to laser-irradiated dentin before and after chemical degradation

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Effect of Er:YAG laser on enamel acid resistance: Morphlogical and atomic spectrometry analysis

Abstract: Lower energies can decrease enamel solubility without severe alterations of the enamel.

Cited by 86 publications

References 31 publications

Morphological and Structural Changes on Human Dental Enamel After Er:YAG Laser Irradiation: AFM, SEM, and EDS Evaluation

Morphological and Structural Changes on Human Dental Enamel After Er:YAG Laser Irradiation: AFM, SEM, and EDS Evaluation

Structural and Morphological Changes in Human Dentin after Ablative and Subablative Er:YAG Laser Irradiation

Effect of Metalloproteinase Inhibitors on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Er:YAG Laser-Irradiated Dentin

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