Effect of ethanol extract of <i>Pyrenacantha staudtii</i> leaves on carbontetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Abstract

The effect of ethanol extract of Pyrenacantha staudtii leaves on carbontetrachloride (CCl 4 ) induced hepatotoxicity in rats was studied. Sixteen male wistar rats of 100-170g body weight divided into four groups of four rats each, designated -group I, II, III and IV were used. Groups II, III and IV were injected intraperitoneally with 5ml/kg body weight of CCl 4 ; control was injected with 5ml/kg body weight corn oil. After 48hrs, groups III and IV were administered with 750mg/kg and 1500mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively and the rats sacrificed after 5 days. Phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, saponnins, carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids and resin. Result from the study showed that both concentrations of the extract (750mg/kg and 1500mg/kg body weight) significantly reduced (P < 0.05) CCl 4 induced elevations in the liver enzymes-alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in a dose dependent manner. CCl 4 induced increases in total and conjugated bilirubin were also significantly lowered by the extract. These results show that the extract of Pyrenacantha staudtii leaves has protective effect against CCl 4 induced liver toxicity and damage.

Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potentials of Lasimorpha senegalensis Schott Leaf Extract on Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Liver Damage in Rats

“…This implies that the leaves of L. senegalensis at a higher dose of 400 mg/kg could ameliorate liver damage. The findings from this study corroborates with Anosike et al [35], Uboh et al [36] and Omeke et al [1] who reported hepatoprotective properties of the leaf extracts of Pyrenacantha staudtii, Psidium guajava and Annona senegalensis in CCl 4 induced liver damage. On the contrary, Etim et al [37] and some other researchers reported hepatotoxicity of some plant extracts, especially at higher doses.…”

In vivo antimalarial activity of crude aqueous leaf extract of Pyrenacantha staudtii against Plasmodium berghei (NK65) in infected mice

“…It can be deduced that increasing the concentration of the extract above 100 mg/kg body weight produced no additional suppressive effect against malarial infection. The antimalarial activity showed by P. staudtii could be attributable to the presence of alkaloids which was one of its constituents (Anosike et al, 2008). However, the active compound(s) known to give this activity need to be identified.…”

“…The plant is widely distributed in south Nigeria and West Cameroons, and across central Africa to Uganda and Angola and it belongs to the family Icacinaceae (Burkill, 1985). The leaves are intensively bitter and the aqueous extract of the plant has been claimed by many traditional medicine practitioners to effectively treat many ailments including malaria, ulcer, gastrointestinal tract infections and threatened abortion (Anosike et al, 2008), dysmenorrheal and intestinal colic (Falodun and Usifoh, 2006). P. staudtii is traditionally used for the treatment of blemnorrhea, hernia, insomnia, intestinal pain and diarrhea in Nigeria (Awe et al, 2011).…”

Toxicity studies of African Palmyrah palm (Borassus Aethiopum) shoots

“…As presented in the result, there is an increase in the serum total bilirubin and direct bilibubin in rats fed with B. aethiopum shoots with no significant difference (p<0.05) between the control and the treated groups. This is a clear indication that the sample may not interfere with or reduce the metabolism of bilirubin in the liver as well as increase in haemolysis Jonston, 1999;Anosike et al, 2008).…”