Effect of ethanolic extract of cashew leaf ( Anacardium occidentale L ) on edema, hyperalgesia and malondialdehyde levels of the rat foot of an inৎlammatory model compared to diclofenac

Abstract

Inflammation is a body tissue reaction to the damage caused by foreign object. One of the plants that the community uses to eliminate inflammation is cashew leaf (Anacardium occidentale L). This research aimed to find out if the guava extract has an anti-inflammatory effects compared with diclofenac. This was an experimental study using 30-tails Wistar strain, which is divided into 6 groups that every 1 hour later induced lambda-carrageenan. Group I and IV are given ethanolic extract of cashew leaf 300 mg/kg BW. Group II and V were given cellulose (CMC) 1% as a control. Group III and VI were given diclofenac 4.5 mg/kg of BW. Edema volume from hour 1 to 6 and MDA levels of foot tissue in the hour 6 were measured in group I, II, III. Hyperalgesia was measured in group IV, V and VI. All research results were statistically tested with ANOVA test followed by the Newman Keuls test. Ethanolic extract of cashew leaf 300 mg/kg BW inhibited the formation of edema volume, preventing hyperalgesia significantly (P < 0.05) compared to a group of control and diclofenac. Measurement of MDA levels between groups with ethanolic extract of cashew leaf, control, and diclofenac was not significantly different (P > 0.05). Ethanolic extract of cashew leaf has an anti-inflammatory effect based on inhibition of edema volume, hyperalgesia.