Effect of exercise on chemically-induced colitis in adiponectin deficient mice

Abstract

BackgroundInflammatory bowel diseases are associated with increased adiponectin (APN) levels, which may exert pro-inflammatory effects in these individuals. Since habitual exercise may increase APN, the aim of this study was to determine how exercise training affects mice with acute colitis.MethodsMale adiponectin knock out (APNKO) and wild type (WT) mice (C57BL/6) were randomly assigned to 4 different groups: 1) Sedentary (SED); 2) Exercise trained (ET); 3) Sedentary with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment (SED + DSS); and 4) Exercise trained with DSS (ET + DSS). Exercise-trained mice ran at 18 m/min for 60 min, 5d/wk for 4 weeks. Subsequently, the ET + DSS and the SED + DSS mice received 2% DSS in their drinking water for 5 days (d), followed by 5d of regular water.ResultsThe clinical symptoms of acute colitis (diarrhea, stool haemoccult, and weight loss) were unaffected by exercise and there was no difference between the APNKO and WT mice (p > 0.05) except on day 39. However, the clinical symptoms of the DSS-treated APNKO mice were worse than WT mice treated with DSS and had increased susceptibility to intestinal inflammation due to increased local STAT3 activation, higher IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 levels, and as a result had increased intestinal epithelial cell proliferation (p < 0.05). Exercise training significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β (p < 0.05) in the DSS + EX APNKO mice but had no effect on epithelial cell proliferation. Exercise was also found to significantly decrease the phosphorylation expression of STAT3 in both WT and APNKO mice in DSS + EX group when compared to DSS + SED.ConclusionsExercise training may contribute in alleviating the symptoms of acute colitis and APN deficiency may exacerbate the intestinal inflammation in DSS-induced colitis.

Forced treadmill exercise training exacerbates inflammation and causes mortality while voluntary wheel training is protective in a mouse model of colitis

“…Clinical symptoms or more direct measures of inflammation were not reported. Recently, Saxena et al (Saxena et al, 2012) reported that FTR did not affect clinical scores or ex vivo IL-1β, IL-6 or IL-10 protein production and reduced TNF-α protein production in response to DSS-induced colitis; findings that contrast our results. This was surprising given the many similarities (e.g.…”

64. Forced treadmill exercise training exacerbates inflammation and causes mortality while voluntary wheel training is protective in a mouse model of colitis

“…Clinical symptoms or more direct measures of inflammation were not reported. Recently, Saxena et al (Saxena et al, 2012) reported that FTR did not affect clinical scores or ex vivo IL-1 , IL-6 or IL-10 protein production and reduced TNFprotein production in response to DSS-induced colitis; findings that contrast our results. This was surprising given the many similarities (e.g.…”

Voluntary exercise protects against ulcerative colitis by up‐regulating glucocorticoid‐mediated PPAR‐γ activity in the colon in mice

“…Ulcerative colitis was induced with DSS as previously described (Saxena et al 2012). Briefly, mice received 2% DSS (MP Biochemicals, MW 36 000-50 000) dissolved in their drinking water for 5 days, followed by 5 days of regular drinking water.…”