Effect of Exogenous Application of Amino Acids L-Arginine and Glycine on Maize under Temperature Stress

Abstract

Temperature strongly influences the growth of maize, particularly in the early growth stages. The exogenous application of some amino acids has been proven to have a positive effect on plant growth and development under stressful conditions. The objective of the study was to evaluate the response of maize that was grown under an optimal and stress (fluctuating) temperature to L-Arginine (L-Arg) and Glycine (Gly) application. In the study, it was assumed that the exogenously applied amino acids would alleviate the adverse effects of temperature stress on the maize height, as well as on the biomass of shoots and roots. Ten concentrations of each amino acid from 0.006 mM to 9.0 mM were tested under constant temperature conditions 20–22 °C/23–25 °C (night/day) an fluctuating stress of rising and dropping temperatures between 12–15 °C (night) and 30–38 °C (day). The amino acids were applied to the crop at growth stages V3–V4. In plants that were obtained from seeds pre-treated with L-Arg and Gly, the amino acids increased both the length of radicles and the number of lateral roots. A large discrepancy between the effects of the two amino acids was observed after foliar application. Under optimal thermal conditions, L-Arg increased the mass of shoots and roots by 55–59%. Under stress conditions, root mass was increased even by 100% when compared to the control plants. The best results were recorded at concentrations of 6 mM and 3 mM. Plants that were treated with Gly concentrations generally reached the height of untreated plants or less. It was shown that Gly applied at concentrations of 0.2 mM to 3 mM has a negative effect on the fresh mass of the crop.

Pure Organic Active Compounds Against Abiotic Stress: A Biostimulant Overview

“…Arginine (Arg) application has been shown to alleviate the harmful effects of salt stress in mung beans and canola plants ( Qados, 2010 ; Nasibi et al, 2014 ), as well as oxidative stress caused by nickel accumulation in black henbane ( Hyoscyamus niger; Nasibi et al, 2013 ) and by drought stress in tomato ( Nasibi et al, 2011 ). Arg treatments are beneficial for the growth and development of maize plants, especially under cold stress conditions ( Matysiak et al, 2020 ).…”

Linking abiotic stress, plant metabolites, biostimulants and functional food

“…The above‐mentioned issues related to stress‐induced metabolic changes and the nutritional quality of fruits and vegetables are important for cereal products as well, which are deeply embedded in the dietary culture of many countries (Halford, Curtis, Chen, & Huang, 2015; Palacios‐Rojas et al, 2020). As stated by Matysiak et al (2020), there are numerous commercial biostimulators and fertilisers that contain a complex of amino acids, including arginine and glycine, applicable for use in, for example maize, especially under conditions of expected stress. The authors claimed that arginine is the focus in most of the scientific reports regarding the effect of amino acids on plants under stress caused by salt, temperature and water.…”

Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis of Exogenous L-Arginine in the Alleviation of High-Temperature Stress in Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis

“…Especially for Arg, an AA with a high N/C ratio is involved in regulating many physiological processes under stress (Lv et al, 2020). Exogenous Arg could alleviate the adverse effects of temperature stress on maize height and the biomass of shoots and roots (Matysiak et al, 2020). However, no evidence has been found of the effects of Arg in the alleviation of HT stress in G. lemaneiformis.…”

“…The application of arginine can also play a vital role in enhancing the defense resistance system against diseases in tomato fruits via its effects on NO biosynthesis and defensive enzyme activity (Zheng et al, 2011). In terms of temperature stress, exogenously applied arginine could alleviate the adverse effects of fluctuating temperature stress on maize growth and development (Matysiak et al, 2020) and enhance the seedling resistance to the damaging heating in collaboration with the NO-signaling system (Karpets et al, 2018). However, it remains unclear whether the unique roles of arginine in G. lemaneiformis are attributable to stressrelated substances under HT conditions.…”