Effect Of Exposure To Sublethal Concentrations Of Gammalin 20 And Actellic 25 Ec On The Liver And Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity In The Fish Clarias Albopunctatus

Abstract

One hundred and eighty adult Clarias albopunctatus (mean weight 160±2.7g) were subjected to sublethal concentrations of Gammalin 20 and Actellic 25 EC (0, 0.3;and 1.0 µg/l) in a static bioassay renewal system for 18 days. The changes in the activities of the liver and serum lac ate dehydrogenase (LDH) during the period of exposure were studied. The exposure of C. albopunctatus to these pesticides evoked significant increase (P< 0.05) in both the liver and serum LDH activities. There was a progressive increase in both the liver and serum LDH activities following exposure to the pesticides. When compared with the control, the LDH activities were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the treatment groups. The LDH activities in both the liver and the serum were higher in the fish exposed to Gammalin 20 than in the fish treated with similar concentrations of Actellic 25 EC. The serum LDH activity in the group exposed to a mixture of 0 3µg/l of Gammalin 20 and Actellic 25 EC was significantly higher the activities in the fish exposed the either 0.3 µg/l Gammalin 20 or Actellic 25 EC. These observations suggest that these pesticides affect the energy metabolism of the fish.

The Exposure Of <i>Heterobranchus bidorsalis</i> Juveniles To Different Concentrations Of Bonny-Light Crude Oil And Their Effects On Amylase And Cretinine Kinase Activities

“…The result of our study indicated that the increases in SRA and HCA activity of H. bidorsalis juveniles were dependent on the BLCO concentrations to which the fishes were exposed (Table 2). This result is consistent with the report of Oluah et al (2005) who obtained increases in the serum and liver lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in Clarias albopunctatus exposed to increasing concentrations of sublethal Gammalin 20 and Acetellic 25EC.…”

“…The biochemical response of aquatic organism to pollution is given by changes several key enzymes, especially those of biotransformation systems. The value of tissue enzyme activities in the diagnosis of the effects of pollutant is an emerging area in aquatic toxicology and remediation programmes (Oluah et al, 2005). Thirugnanam and Forgash (1977) studied the anticholinesterase effect of chlorpyrifos to Fundulus heteroclistis and reported that increased concentration of the mosquito pesticides in salt water mash habitat resulted in maximum anticholinesterase inhibition in the fish.…”

“…The liver was excised and washed in distilled water to remove traces of blood. The liver samples were macerated and homogenized as described by Devi et al (1993) and then placed in ice-cold 0.25M sucrose (Oluah et al, 2005). The liver homogenate was centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 15 minutes at 4° C and the supernatant was transferred into clean microfuge tubes.…”

Biomarker enzyme activities and ultrastructure of liver of the grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844) exposed to the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos

“…The type of liver injury is often dependent not only on the toxicant and its mechanism of action but also on the duration of exposure (Jacobson-Kram and Keller, 2006). Evaluation of enzyme activities in the tissues and organs of aquatic organisms in the diagnosis of the effects of pollutants is one of the emerging areas in toxicological monitoring and remediation programmes (Oluah et al, 2005). Fluctuations in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities reflect liver damage (Bernet et al, 2001).…”

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“…Evaluation of enzymes activities in the tissue and organs of aquatic organisms in the diagnosis of the effects of pollutants is one of the emerging areas in toxicological monitoring and remediation (Oluah et al, 2005). Enzyme Activity is one major parameter used in assessing the early stage of pesticide toxicity (Duta and Areids, 2003).…”