Effect of Falling Temperature on Heat Production in Fasting White-Tailed Deer

Silver, Helenette; Holter, J.B.; Colovos, N. F.; Hayes, H.H.

doi:10.2307/3799869

Cited by 41 publications

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“…approximately two times less than in summer and autumn. Even taking into consideration the fact that the basal metabolism of deer is in winter lower by 50 to 70°/o (Silver et al, 1969(Silver et al, , 1971) the observed energy intake seems to be inadequate. The supplied food in this period consisted of tree twigs only, hence it corresponded to feeds available at extremely difficult winter conditions with a thick snow cover.…”

Section: Food Intake and Costs Of Maintenancementioning

confidence: 93%

Intake and digestibility of natural feeds by roe-deer

Drozdz¹,

Osiecki²

1973

Acta Theriol.

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The investigations of the intake and digestibility of natural feeds in the year cycle were carried out by the balance method on 3 individuals of roe-deer, Capreolus capreolus. Season-depending changes in the chemical composition of natural food were ascertained: total protein amounted to 8-9°/o in winter and to 16-19°/o in summer, while the fibre content was the highest in winter feeds (30-47°/o). The food intake ranged from 350 g of dry matter in winter to 600 g d.m. in summer, these values corresponding to 1300-2800 kcal/day. The digestibility of dry matter varied with season and chemical composition of food, being the highest in May (87%>) and the lowest in January (34%). A clear relationship was found to exist between the digestibility and fibre content and food intake. The intake of digestible energy by roe-deer in winter ranged from 70 to 102 kcal/kg 0 -75 day, while the mean intake in the remaining seasons amounted to 197 ± 53 kcal/kg 0 -75 day.

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Section: Food Intake and Costs Of Maintenancementioning

confidence: 93%

Intake and digestibility of natural feeds by roe-deer

Drozdz¹,

Osiecki²

1973

Acta Theriol.

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“…The literature is lacking any data for direct comparison of this value with other deer species. However, by utilizing the published measurements of FHP in summer in white-tailed deer (Silver et al, 1971) it was possible to calculate the analogous regression for that species. In the range of temperatures from -14° to +17°C the relationship between FHP and ambient temperature shows in Odocoileus virginianus the slope of approximately -5.1 kcalXkg~°- 75 Xday -1 X deg -1 , hence it is rather close to that found for roe deer.…”

Section: Costs Of Thermoregulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon could blur the effect of ambient temperature on metabolism in winter measurements. The results of determinations of winter metabolism in white-tailed deer in a very broad range of temperatures indicate that below 0°C metabolism increases by ca 2 kcalX kg~°-75 X day -1 Xdeg -1 (Silver et al, 1969(Silver et al, , 1971. Increase of metabolism due to calorigenic effect of food and costs of activity compensate totally the costs of thermoregulation.…”

Section: Costs Of Thermoregulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Blaxter (1962) total emptying of the intestinal tract requires so long time that it causes physiological disturbances, hence fasting for 2 days is generally regarded as sufficient. A similar procedure in the studies of wild ruminants was employed by Silver et al (1969Silver et al ( , 1971, Wesley et al (1970Wesley et al ( , 1973, and by others. Fig.…”

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confidence: 95%

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Energy metabolism of the roe deer

Weiner¹

1977

Acta Theriol.

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Weiner J., 1977: Energy metabolism of the roe deer. Acta theriol., 22, 1: 3-24 [With 5 Tables & 9 Figs.].Energy metabolism of the roe deer Capreolus capreolus (Linnaeus, 1758) was investigated by means of the respirometric method. The level of metabolism in roe deer is similar to that of other wild ruminants but higher than the mean interspecies metabolism of mammals. Fasting heat production (FHP) shows seasonal variations, being the highest during spring molting season, slightly lower in summer and the lowest in winter: 117.0, 99.4 and 91.3 kcalXkg-o-^Xday-i, respectively. In spring and summer the metabolism increases at lower temperatures: FHP (kcalXkg -0 -75 Xday-i) = 181.5-5.32 t (where t=°C). Resting metabolism of non-fasted animals (RHP) is higher than FHP by 25-30%, and this difference represents the specific dynamic action of food (SDA). Motoric activity causes a rise of metabolism by 9-210°/o, the cost of maintaining of upright position being equal to 1.1 kcalXkg -0 -75 X Xhr-i. Resting metabolism of fawns up to 80 days of life is linearly correlated with their body weight (W, kg): RHP = 73.53W (where RHP = =kcalX animal -1 X day -1 ). RHP reaches the highest values on 7th day of life. In fawns 6 to 8 month old FHP amounts to 109.9 kcalXkg -°-7 5 X Xday -1 , and RHP is higher by 22%. The mean respiratory quotient (R.Q.) was equal to 0.82; the lowest values (0.79) were observed in fasting and resting animals, while the highest (0.86) in active nonfasting ones.

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“…Thus adult males try to increase their feed consumption when their need for energy increases, whereas adult females try to reduce their energy requirements by resting more (Turner 1979). Generally speaking, however, the basal metabolism of cervidae appears to be lower during winteritme than during the summer (Silver et al, 1969(Silver et al, , 1971.…”

Section: Feed Composition and Feeding Habitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementary feeding of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L) with late harvested hay. A pilot study

Rehbinder¹,

Ciszuk²

1985

Ran

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Abstract:In order to increase the fodder available for roedeer during wintertime, late harvested hay was placed on racks early in November in three consecutive years. Freeezing kept the hay dry and fresh during all three winters. In the first winter, with much snow, the bulk of the hay was consumed whereas consumption in the two subsequent mild winters was low and selective.The crude protein content of the hay was low (3.5 -8.4% dry matter). Metabolizable energy estimated from digestion in vitro was 3.5 -5.6 MJ per kg dry matter. Rumen liquor from roe deer during a mild winter gave lower in vitro digestion than liquor from sheep fed with ordinary rations.The value of this poor hay for roe deer is discussed with respect to the animals requirements, seasonal adaption, the energy and protein content of the hay, water consumption and normal behavior.The results indicate that late harvested hay may be more suitable than regularly harvested hay or concentrates to help roe deer to survive spells of severe winter conditions. With late harvested hay placed out at several localized feeding sites, the risks of indigestion and dehydration, associated with a more concentrated, feed, are minimized and the ranking among the roe deer in particular will be less important and thus more animals will have improved prospects of gaining access to the fodder.Key words: Roe deer, supplementary feeding, late harvested hay. Vårdet av det mycket sent skordade hoet for rådjur diskuteras med utgångspunkt från djurens behov, såsongmåssiga adaption, energi-och proteininnehåll i hoet, vattenkonsumtion och normala beteende. Resultatén pekar på att, sent skordat ho kan vara låmpligare ån på normal tid skordat ho eller kraftfoder att hjålpa rådjur att overleva perioder med svåra vinterforhållanden. Med sent skordat och håssjat ho, vilket gjorts tillgångligt på ett flertal utfodringsplatser, minskar riskerna for våmindigestion och dehydrering, forenade med en mer hogvårdig utfodring, samtidigt som djurens inbordes rangordning blir mindre betydelsefull. Det senare innebarande att fler djur får tillgång till fodret.

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Effect of Falling Temperature on Heat Production in Fasting White-Tailed Deer

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Intake and digestibility of natural feeds by roe-deer

Intake and digestibility of natural feeds by roe-deer

Energy metabolism of the roe deer

Supplementary feeding of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L) with late harvested hay. A pilot study

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