Effect of Fat Sources on Satiety

Abstract

ALFENAS, RITA C.G. AND RICHARD D. MATTES. Effect of fat sources on satiety. Obes Res. 2003;11:183-187. Objective: There are inconsistent reports on the satiety value of different fatty acids. This study compared the appetitive effects of two fat sources rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (peanut oil and canola oil) with a source rich in saturated fatty acids (butter). Research Methods and Procedures:After an overnight fast, lean participants completed a questionnaire eliciting information about hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and prospective consumption. They then consumed one of the preloads (muffins containing 40 g of each fat source or no fat) and 150 mL of water within 15 minutes. Questionnaires were completed again 30, 60, and 120 minutes after preload ingestion. Participants kept dietary records during the subsequent 24 hours. Results: Canola and peanut oil muffins resulted in higher fullness, and butter, canola, and peanut oil muffins resulted in lower hunger ratings 30, 60, and 120 minutes after preload ingestion compared with the fat-free preload. No differences were observed among the fat-containing loads. Although energy intake 24 hours after consumption of the preloads was also comparable on days the three fat-containing loads were consumed, energy consumption after each study session was higher when the fat-free muffins were provided. However, total energy intake, including the calories provided by the preloads, was similar across treatments. Discussion: These data do not support a differential satiety effect of fat sources rich in monounsaturated fatty acids relative to one rich in saturated fatty acids.

Effects of Different Dietary Fatty Acids on Human Energy Balance, Body Weight, Fat Mass, and Abdominal Fat

“…Another study further revealed that PUFA, consumed as part of a meal, suppressed appetite more than MUFA or SFA, and resulted in lower consumption of a subsequent meal in 40 healthy adults. However, many other human studies have failed to document the differential effects of fat subtypes on human appetite reported by these two studies [49][50][51][52][53][54]. The lack of effects of PUFA on food intake was also supported by observations from animal studies [55,56].…”

Effects of peanut oil consumption on appetite and food choice

“…21 Participants consumed significantly more energy in the first trial when provided the oleic acid, but no differences of intake were noted in the replication trial. A third trial 22 compared the effects of muffin preloads rich in peanut oil or canola oil (both high in MUFA) with muffins rich in butter (rich in SFA). No differential satiety effects of the fat sources were observed.…”

“…This is consistent with a physiological sensitivity to the fat ingestion, but not to fatty acid source or saturation. [20][21][22][23] A greater reduction of self-selected fat intake was noted with the safflower oil treatment. We can only speculate on an explanation.…”

Distinct breakfast patterns on satiety perception in individuals with weight excess

“…Despite evidence that dietary fat is more satietogenic than other nutrients, few data concerning differences in the perception according to its saturation grade of fatty acids are available (18). It is known that MUFA are more promptly oxidized than SFA, which could result in higher satietogenic power; however, in humans, studies are inconclusive (19).…”