Effect of Feeding Palm Oil By-Products Based Diets on Total Bacteria, Cellulolytic Bacteria and Methanogenic Archaea in the Rumen of Goats

Mohammed, Abdelrahim Abubakr; Alimon, Abdul Razak; Yaakub, Halimatun; Abdullah, Nik Rosli; Ivan, Michael E.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0095713

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The DNA was extracted from rumen liquor using the QIAamp DNA mini stool kit (Qiagen, Hilden, GmbH, Germany) following the manufacturer's protocol with a few modifications as described by Abubakr et al (2014) . Real-time PCR was conducted using the BioRad CFX96 Touch (Bio-Rad laboratories, Inc., Hercules, CA, USA) with fluorescence detection of SYBR Green dye using MicroAmp tube strips and MicroAmp Optical Cap Strips.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feeding whole linseed on ruminal fatty acid composition and microbial population in goats

et al. 2016

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The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of feeding different levels of whole linseed, as a source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), on ruminal fatty acid composition and microbial population in the goat. Twenty-four crossbred Boer goats were assigned to 3 dietary treatments: L0 (control), L10 and L20 containing 0, 10%, or 20% whole linseed, respectively. The ruminal pH and concentration of total volatile fatty acids (VFA) were not affected by dietary treatments. The feeding of L10 and L20 diets produced higher (P < 0.05) molar proportions of acetate and lower (P < 0.05) molar proportions of butyrate and valerate than the L0 diet. Molar proportions of myristic acid (C14:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0) were lower (P < 0.05) in the rumen of goats offered L10 and L20 diets than the control diet. However, stearic acid (C18:0), vaccenic acid (C18:1 trans-11), conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, C18:2 trans-10, cis-12) and α-lenolenic acid (C18:3 n-3) were higher (P < 0.05) in the rumen of goats fed L10 and L20 than L0. Both inclusion levels of linseed in the diet (L10 and L20) reduced the ruminal total bacteria, methanogens, and protozoa compared with L0 (P < 0.05). The effect of the dietary treatments on cellulolytic bacteria, varied between the individual species. Both inclusion levels of linseed resulted in a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the population of Fibrobacter succinogenes, and Rumunococus flavefaciens compared with L0, with no significant difference between the groups fed linseed diets. The population of Rumunococus albus was not affected by the different dietary treatments. It was concluded that inclusion of whole linseed in the diet of goats could increase the concentration of PUFA in the rumen, and decrease the population of F. succinogenes, R. flavefaciens, methanogens and protozoa in rumen liquid of goats.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feeding whole linseed on ruminal fatty acid composition and microbial population in goats

et al. 2016

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“…Nevertheless, previous studies showed variable results where palm by-products such as DC and PKC supplement showed a reduction in the number of total protozoa count but had an increased total bacteria number compared with control diet [3,4]. However, adding 5% PO in the diet could decrease bacterial population due to toxic effect of oil [4]. It is suggested that the optimal concentration of oil and the characteristic of PO products are crucial for ruminal microbial environ-Buranakarl et al (2020) Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 33:921-929 ment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Thus, changes in rumen fermentation and microorganism population may also account for low protein digestibility since the level of bacterial flow to the intestinal tract is one of the factors that affect fecal nitrogen output [24]. Nevertheless, previous studies showed variable results where palm by-products such as DC and PKC supplement showed a reduction in the number of total protozoa count but had an increased total bacteria number compared with control diet [3,4]. However, adding 5% PO in the diet could decrease bacterial population due to toxic effect of oil [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no adverse effect was reported in the same animal breed. Feeding of diets containing DC or PKC resulted in higher number of the total and cellulolytic bacteria while methanogenic archaea was lower in goats fed PKC and PO [4]. Goats fed with control and PO diets also had higher daily body weight gain, slaughter and hot and cold carcass weights, compared with those fed DC and PKC diets [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Effects of replacement of para-grass with oil palm compounds on body weight, food intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen functions and blood parameters in goats

Buranakarl

Thammacharoen

Semsirmboon

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with oil palm frond (leaf) (OPF) with and without oil palm meal (OPM) on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal fermentation and growth performance in goats.Methods: Six female crossbred goats were fed for 28 days of 3 diet treatments; 100% paragrass (T1); 50% para-grass + 50% OPF (T2), and 30% para-grass + 50% OPF + 20% OPM (T3). Body weight, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, and urine volume, food intake, dry matter intake and water intake were measured daily. Nutrient digestibility was determined from five consecutive days of last week in each diet. Ruminal fluid, urine and blood were collected at the end for determination of rumen protozoa and volatile fatty acid contents, urinary allantoin excretion, blood cell count and chemistry profiles.Results: Goats fed T2 and T3 showed higher dry matter and nutrients intakes while protein digestibility was suppressed compared with those for T1. Crude fat digestibility declined in T2 but maintained after adding the OPM (T3). High fat intake by giving OPF and OPM corresponded to a higher ruminal acetate/propionate ratio (C2/C3) and serum cholesterol level. An increased urinary allantoin/creatinine ratio was found in T2 and T3 compared with T1, implying an increased number of ruminal microbes.Conclusion: Increased dry matter intake in T2 and T3 suggested that oil palm by-products are partly useful as a replacement for para-grass in goats. Replacement with the by-products increased plasma cholesterol level, which suggested that these products are a useful energy source. Changes in rumen parameters suggested an increased microbial number and activity suitable for acetate production. However, the limited digestibility of protein implies that addition of high protein feeds may be recommended to increase body weight gain of goats.

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“…Indeed, the lipid proportion of DDGS has been shown to decrease the abundance of members of the fibrolytic microbial community in some (Ramirez et al, 2012;Castillo-Lopez et al, 2014) but not all studies (Castillo-Lopez et al, 2017). Additionally, PKE has shown methane abatement potential through reductions to the methanogen population in vivo (Abubakr et al, 2014) and production of methane in vitro (Lee et al, 2003;Kim et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replacing Barley and Soybean Meal With By-products, in a Pasture Based Diet, Alters Daily Methane Output and the Rumen Microbial Community in vitro Using the Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC)

et al. 2020

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Plant based by-products (BP) produced from food and bioethanol industries are human inedible, but can be recycled into the global food chain by ruminant livestock. However, limited data is available on the methanogenesis potential associated with supplementing a solely BP formulated concentrate to a pastoral based diet. Therefore the objective of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of BP inclusion rate (in a formulated concentrate) to a pasture based diet on dietary digestibility, rumen fermentation patterns, methane production and the prokaryotic microbial community composition. Diets consisted of perennial ryegrass and one of two supplementary concentrates, formulated to be isonitrogenous (16% CP) and isoenergetic (12.0 MJ/ME/kg), containing either 35% BP, barley and soybean meal (BP35) or 95% BP (BP95) offered on a 50:50 basis, however, starch, NDF and fat content varied. The BPs, included in equal proportions on a DM basis, were soyhulls, palm kernel expeller and maize dried distillers grains. The BP35 diet had greater (P < 0.05) digestibility of the chemical constituents DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF. Greater total VFA production was seen in the BP35 diet (P < 0.05). Daily methane production (mmol/day; +22.7%) and methane output per unit of total organic matter digested (MPOMD; +20.8%) were greatest in the BP35 diet (P < 0.01). Dietary treatment influenced microbial composition (PERMANOVA; P = 0.023) with a greater relative abundance of Firmicutes (adj P < 0.01) observed in the BP35. The Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio was significantly reduced in the BP95 diet (P < 0.01). The relative proportions of Proteobacteria (adj P < 0.01), Succinivibrionaceae (adj P < 0.03) and Succinivibrio (adj P = 0.053) increased in the BP95 diet. The abundance of Proteobacteria was found to be negatively associated with daily methane production (r s , −0.71; P < 0.01) and MPOMD (r s , −0.65; P < 0.01). Within Proteobacteria, the relationship of methane production was maintained with the mean abundance of Succinivibrio (r s , −0.69; P < 0.01). The abundance of

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Effect of Feeding Palm Oil By-Products Based Diets on Total Bacteria, Cellulolytic Bacteria and Methanogenic Archaea in the Rumen of Goats

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of feeding whole linseed on ruminal fatty acid composition and microbial population in goats

Effects of feeding whole linseed on ruminal fatty acid composition and microbial population in goats

Effects of replacement of para-grass with oil palm compounds on body weight, food intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen functions and blood parameters in goats

Replacing Barley and Soybean Meal With By-products, in a Pasture Based Diet, Alters Daily Methane Output and the Rumen Microbial Community in vitro Using the Rumen Simulation Technique (RUSITEC)

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