Effect of Fentanyl and Morphine on Gallbladder Dimensions in Newborns Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Randomized Double-Blinded Clinical Trial

Abstract

Background: The effect of fentanyl and morphine, two most frequently used drugs for premedication in general anesthesia, on gallbladder of newborns, has not been sufficiently investigated. Intubation and mechanical ventilation in a neonatal respiratory distress syndrome are stressful procedures, in which these two drugs are used to reduce stress and pain. We studied the effect of these drugs on neonatal bile system during these procedures